植物功能性状对半干旱黄土区生态系统多功能性的影响  

Effects of Plant Functional Traits on Ecosystem Multifunctionality in the Semi-arid Loess Area

作　　者：董红霞 杨智姣 杨磊[2] 卫伟[2] 张钦弟[1] DONG Hongxia;YANG Zhijiao;YANG Lei;WEI Wei;ZHANG Qindi(College of Life Sciences,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030031,China;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西太原030031 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期1227-1238,共12页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2022YFF1300403);山西省回国留学人员科研资助项目(2021-097);山西省基础研究计划(20210302123333)。

摘　　要：开展植被恢复背景下生态系统多功能性的研究可为生态恢复实践提供理论依据,然而定量探讨半干旱区植物功能性状对生态系统多功能性的影响机制尚不充分。基于此,本文在甘肃定西龙滩流域测定了23个与土壤肥力、水源涵养、营养物转化与循环、地上初级生产力、植物生长策略、植物养分吸收、植物多样性维持相关的功能指标。采用平均值法和单阈值法(20%、40%、60%、80%)量化了生态系统多功能性,并分别基于植物功能性状加权均值和功能多样性探讨植物性状影响生态系统多功能性的选择效应和生态位互补效应。研究结果显示:不同方法量化生态系统多功能性时,植物性状对平均值法,20%、40%阈值法量化的生态系统多功能性的解释率较好,对60%、80%阈值法量化的生态系统多功能性的解释率较低(<5%)。功能性状加权均值对生态系统多功能性的解释率大于功能多样性,反映在植被恢复背景下植物性状主要通过选择效应影响生态系统多功能性,其次是生态位互补效应。叶长、叶厚、高度的功能性状加权均值与生态系统多功能性呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01);叶长和比叶面积的功能多样性与生态系统多功能性呈显著正相关关系(P<0.05)。研究表明可以通过植物性状构建群落,提高生态系统多功能性。Vegetation restoration affects human well-being by impacting the delivery of multiple ecosystem functions and services si-multaneously(called ecosystem multifunctionality,EMF).Few studies show the effects of plant functional traits induced by vegeta-tion restoration on EMF in semi-arid areas.Here,23 functional indicators related to soil fertility,water conservation,transformation and cycling of nutrients,primary productivity,strategies for plant growth,nutrients uptake by plants and plant diversity maintenance were measured in the Longtan Watershed Dingxi,Gansu.EMF was calculated using the averaging approach and the single threshold approach(20%,40%,60%,80%).Furthermore,the selection effects and ecological niche complementarity effects of plant traits af-fecting EMF were also quantified based on plant functional trait weighted mean and functional diversity,respectively.The results of the study show that when EMF was quantified in different methods,plant traits had a better interpretation rate of EMF quantified by the averaging approach,20%and 40%threshold methods.At the same time,the interpretation rate of EMF quantified by the 60%and 80%threshold methods was lower than 5%.The functional traits weighted mean explains more of the EMF than functional diversity.It reflects that plant traits affect EMF in the context of vegetation restoration mainly through selection effects,followed by the niche complementary effects.The weighted means of functional traits in leaf length,leaf thickness and leaf height were significantly negatively correlated with EMF(P<0.01).The functional diversity of leaf length and specific leaf area showed a significant positive correlation with EMF(P<0.05).This study demonstrates that communities can be constructed through plant traits that can enhance EMF.

关 键 词：黄土高原 植物功能性状 平均值法 单阈值法 生态系统多功能性 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]