16周高强度间歇训练对滥用不同药物强制隔离戒毒人员身体健康的影响  

Effects of 16-week High Intensity-interval Training on Physical Health of Drug Abusers in Compulsory Isolation

作　　者：孟林盛[1] 白木易 赵启辉 韩雨梅[1] 张子威 卢红 MENG Linsheng;BAI Muyi;ZHAO Qihui;HAN Yumei;ZHANG Ziwei;LU Hong(School of Physical Education,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China;Shanxi Changzhi Daxinzhuang Compulsory Isolation Detoxification Center,Changzhi 046011,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学体育学院,山西太原030006 [2]山西长治大辛庄强制隔离戒毒所,山西长治046011

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期1239-1250,共12页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省高等学校人文社科重点研究基地项目(20200114);山西省重点研发计划项目(社会发展方面)(201903D321039)。

摘　　要：本文探讨了高强度间歇训练(high-intensity interval training,HIIT)对滥用不同药物强制隔离戒毒人员身体健康的影响。选取康复期男性强制隔离戒毒人员60名(滥用海洛因、冰毒、甲卡西酮各20人),按照滥用药物种类各自随机分为对照组和实验组,每组10人。实验组进行为期16周,每周3次的HIIT训练,对照组同时进行常规矫治,实验前后分别检测受试者的血液生理生化指标、身体成分、心肺功能和神经生物学指标的变化。结果显示,实验前滥用海洛因、冰毒和甲卡西酮强戒人员的收缩压、血乳酸、肌肉量和肺活量存在显著差异(P<0.05);经过16周的常规矫治后:所有对照组强戒人员体脂肪率和肺活量均显著增加(P<0.05),海洛因对照组实验后血清多巴胺(Dopamine,DA)显著增加(P<0.01),冰毒对照组血清五羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5-HT)和脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)分别表现为显著降低(P<0.01)和显著增加(P<0.05),甲卡西酮对照组5-HT、DA和BDNF均显著下降(P<0.05);16周HIIT干预后,实验组强戒人员在血液生理生化指标、身体成分、心肺机能和神经生物学机能方面变化显著:在15个测试指标中,海洛因、冰毒和甲卡西酮强戒人员分别有7、9和12个指标显著回调(P<0.05)。因此,海洛因相比于冰毒和甲卡西酮,对强戒人员心肺功能的危害更加严重,成瘾更难戒断。16周HIIT对滥用海洛因、冰毒和甲卡西酮强戒人员的身体健康具有积极的改善效益,在降低血压、降脂增肌、改善呼吸机能等方面效果尤其显著;在神经生物学机能方面,HIIT对滥用甲卡西酮强戒人员的改善效果可能更为广泛,效果更佳。This paper studied the effects of high-intensity interval training(HIIT)on the health of drug abusers subjected to mandato-ry isolation.Sixty male drug abusers subjected to mandatory isolation during rehabilitation(20 each abused heroin,methamphet-amine and methcathinone)were selected and randomly divided into control group and experimental group according to drug abuse type,with 10 in each group.The experimental group received HIIT training for 16 weeks,3 times a week,and the control group received routine correction at the same time.The changes of blood physiological and biochemical indexes,body composition,cardiopulmonary function and neurobiological indexes of the subjects were detected before and after the experiment.The results showed that there were significant differences in systolic blood pressure,blood lactic acid,muscle mass and vital capacity among heroin,methamphetamine and mecathinone abusers before the experiment(P<0.05).After 16 weeks of routine correction,body fat percentage and vital capacity of all control groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),serum Dopamine(DA)of the heroin control group was significantly increased after the experiment(P<0.01),and serum hydroxytryptamine of the methamphetamine control was significantly increased(P<0.01).In methamphetamine control group,serum 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)were significantly decreased(P<0.01)and significantly increased(P<0.05),respectively.In mecathinone control group,5-HT,DA and BDNF were significantly decreased(P<0.05).After 16 weeks of HIIT intervention,there were significant changes in blood physiological and biochemical indexes,body composition,cardiopulmonary function and neurobiological function in the experimental group.Among the 15 test indexes,7,9 and 12 indexes of heroin,methamphetamine and mecathinone were significantly back(P<0.05),respectively.Therefore,compared with methamphetamine and methcathin,heroin is more serious to the heart and lung function of drug abusers,and more difficult to

关 键 词：高强度间歇训练 海洛因 冰毒 甲卡西酮 身体健康 

分 类 号：G808.1[文化科学—体育训练] R749.64[文化科学—运动人体科学]