我国2022年重点人群职业健康素养水平及其影响因素  

Occupational health literacy level and its influencing factors among key populations in China in 2022

作　　者：孙彦彦[1] 孙新[1] 万霞[2] 于石成[3] 李霜[1] SUN Yanyan;SUN Xin;WAN Xia;YU Shicheng;LI Shuang(National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100056,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050 [2]中国医学科学院基础医学研究所,北京100005 [3]中国疾病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2023年第3期241-247,共7页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：中国疾控中心职业卫生所职业病危害监测和职业病报告项目(131031109000190001)。

摘　　要：目的分析我国重点人群职业健康素养(OHL)水平及其影响因素。方法采用分层整群随机抽样和概率比例规模抽样相结合的方法,选择31个省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团的一线劳动者为研究对象,采用《全国重点人群OHL监测调查个人问卷》调查其OHL水平。结果2022年全国共调查23个行业重点人群340506人;其中,第二、三产业分别调查168455人和172051人。研究对象的OHL水平为52.6%;第二、三产业劳动者OHL水平分别为56.5%和48.9%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、户口性质、月收入水平、用人单位性质、在岗年限和产业类别均为研究对象OHL水平的独立影响因素(P值均<0.01)。其中,女性OHL水平高于男性(P<0.01);年龄越大、学历越高、月收入水平越高者,其OHL水平均越高(P值均<0.01);未婚者OHL水平高于已婚者(P<0.01);非农业户口劳动者OHL水平高于农业户口者(P<0.01);国有企业、外资企业和事业单位劳动者OHL水平均高于民营企业劳动者(P值均<0.01);在岗年限21.0~43.0年者OHL水平低于其余在岗年限者(P值均<0.01);第二产业劳动者OHL水平高于第三产业(P<0.01)。结论第三产业所选重点行业与第二产业民营企业劳动者,在岗年限超过21.0年者,以及年龄较小、低收入、低学历、农业户口性质等社会经济地位弱势群体,是今后OHL水平提升的重点人群。应积极探索适宜的干预方式和策略,针对性地开展重点人群的OHL提升工作。Objective To analyze the level of occupational health literacy(OHL)and its influencing factors among key populations in China.Methods The front-line workers from 31 provinces,autonomous regions,municipalities,and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps in China were selected as the research subjects using a combination of stratified cluster random sampling and probability proportional sampling.The Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire of National Key Populations was used to investigate the HL level.Results In 2022,a total of 340506 people from 23 industries were surveyed.Among them,168455 and 172051 people were surveyed in the secondary and tertiary industries,respectively.The OHL level of the research subjects was 52.6%.The OHL levels of workers in the secondary and tertiary industries were 56.5%and 48.9%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender,age,marital status,educational level,household registration,monthly income,employment nature,years of service and industry category were independent influencing factors for OHL level of the research subjects(all P<0.01).Specifically,females had a higher OHL level than males(P<0.01);the older the age,the higher the education level,the higher the monthly income level,the higher the OHL level(all P<0.01);the level of OHL in unmarried people was higher than that in married people(P<0.01);the OHL level of workers with non-agricultural household registration was higher than that of workers with agricultural household registration(P<0.01);the OHL levels of workers in state-owned enterprises,foreign-funded enterprises and public institutions were higher than those in private enterprises(all P<0.01);the level of OHL in the group with 21.0-43.0 years of service was lower than that in the other years of service groups(all P<0.01);the OHL level of workers in the secondary industry was higher than that in the tertiary industry(P<0.01).ConclusionThe workers in the key industries selected by the tertiary industry,the private enter

关 键 词：第二产业 第三产业 重点行业 职业人群 职业健康素养 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]