贵州省2006—2021年新发职业性尘肺病病例随访调查  

Follow-up study on newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Guizhou Province,2006-2021

作　　者：贺瑶瑶 杨军红[1] 陈燕[1] 欧阳湖 杨绍芳 张箭 杨梅 周东海[1] 何文蕾 周光荣[1] HE Yaoyao;YANG Junhong;CHEN Yan;OU Yanghu;YANG Shaofang;ZHANG Jian;YANG Mei;ZHOU Donghai;HE Wenlei;ZHOU Guangrong(Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Guiyang,Guizhou 550004,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004 [2]贵州省职业病防治研究院,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2023年第3期335-339,344,共6页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金(gzwkj2023-478)。

摘　　要：目的分析贵州省2006—2021年新发职业性尘肺病病例的生存情况、分布特征和社会保障情况。方法通过“全民健康保障疾控信息系统”中“职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统”收集贵州省2006—2021年诊断报告的新发尘肺病病例为研究对象,采用电话或上门调查的方式对其进行调查。结果贵州省2006—2021年累计诊断报告尘肺病12413例,纳入随访11192例。成功随访10631例;其中,存活10565例(占99.4%),死亡66例(占0.6%)。贵州省2006—2021年尘肺病病例数呈先逐年上升后急剧下降趋势,在2016年达到高峰。行业分布以采矿业为主(占90.6%)。随访存活病例地区分布居前3位的分别为毕节市、遵义市和黔西南州,分别占34.0%、25.4%和12.0%;病种以煤工尘肺和矽肺为主,分别占67.1%和30.8%;病例年龄以50~<60岁为主(占59.1%),接尘工龄以5~<25年为主(占91.5%)。社会保障中以城乡居民基本医疗保险参保率最高,为89.5%;用人单位赔付率为67.7%,工伤保险参保率为51.5%。结论贵州省尘肺病例具有地区分布差异明显,行业聚集性高,病例年轻化、社会保障不高等特点。建议进一步加强采矿业的粉尘专项治理及行业监督管理,加大尘肺病病例随访工作,加强重点地区尘肺康复站建设,改善尘肺病病例生存质量。Objective To analyze the survival status,distribution characteristics and social security of newly diagnosed occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021.Methods The newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis cases reported in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021 were collected from the"Occupational Diseases and Hazards Monitoring Information System"under"National Health Insurance Disease Prevention and Control Information System".Telephone or faceto-face surveys were conducted to investigate these patients.Results A total of 12413 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis patients were reported in Guizhou Province from 2006 to 2021,with 11192 cases included in the follow-up,and 10631 cases were followed-up successfully.According to the follow-up study,10565 cases(accounting for 99.4%)were survived,and 66 cases(accounting for 0.6%)died.The number of pneumoconiosis showed an increasing trend followed by a sharp decline from 2006 to 2021,reaching its peak in 2016.The main industry of the newly pneumoconiosis cases was concentrated in the mining industry(accounting for 90.6%).The top three regions with surviving cases in the follow-up were Bijie City,Zunyi City,and Qiannan Prefecture,accounting for 34.0%,25.4%and 12.0%,respectively.The main types of pneumoconiosis were coal workers'pneumoconiosis and silicosis,accounting for 67.1%and 30.8%,respectively.Most cases were in the age group of 50 to<60 years old,accounting for 59.1%,and the majority of the workers had worked in dusty environments for 5 to<25 years,accounting for 91.5%.In terms of social security,about 89.5%of cases were in the basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents which was the most popular social security.The employer's compensation rate was 67.7%,and the work-related injury insurance participation rate was 51.5%.Conclusion Pneumoconiosis cases in Guizhou Province exhibit significant regional disparities.It has a high concentration in the industry,a younger age profile,and limited social security coverage.It is necessary to strengthe

关 键 词：尘肺病 分布特征 社会保障 随访调查 回顾性分析 

分 类 号：R135.2[医药卫生—劳动卫生]