互花米草入侵对黄河三角洲湿地表层沉积物金属元素分布格局的影响  

Effects of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the distribution pattern of metal elements in surface sediments of the Yellow River Delta wetlands.

作　　者：郑美洁 郑冬梅[1] 辛愿 张仲胜[2] 武海涛[2] ZHENG Meijie;ZHENG Dongmei;XIN Yuan;ZHANG Zhongsheng;WU Haitao(Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Eco-Remediation,College of Environmental Engineering,Shenyang University,Shenyang 110044,China;Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China)

机构地区：[1]区域污染环境生态修复教育部重点实验室,沈阳大学,沈阳110044 [2]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,长春130102

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第10期2368-2375,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0505901);中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室开放基金(2020KFJJ15);国家自然科学基金项目(41571085)资助。

摘　　要：互花米草被引入后迅速生长蔓延,已成为黄河三角洲河口湿地主要入侵物种,极大影响了河口湿地沉积物表层重金属元素分布格局。本研究选取不同入侵年限(3、5、7、10、15和20年)的互花米草湿地以及芦苇湿地、盐地碱蓬湿地、柽柳湿地和光滩湿地,采集表层沉积物并测定Ca、Fe、Mg、Mn、Zn、Ni、Pb、Cr、Cd、Cu和Li元素含量,采用富集系数及地累积指数法对污染水平进行评价,分析互花米草入侵对元素分布格局的影响。结果表明:(1)随入侵时间推进,互花米草湿地表层沉积物有机碳(SOC)和总氮(TN)含量要大于本土植被覆盖湿地表层沉积物含量。本土植物所在湿地沉积物重金属含量要高于互花米草入侵湿地沉积物重金属含量。(2)Ca处于中度富集状态,而Cd可能造成本地区中度污染。(3)重金属元素之间具有显著相关关系,尤其是Fe、Mn元素与Mg、Zn、Cu元素相关性较大,互花米草湿地中的大多数元素变化主要受岩石圈基岩风化和泥沙搬运沉积影响。The rapid expansion and spread of Spartina alterniflora,a major invasive species in the estuarine wetlands of the Yellow River Delta,greatly affect the distribution pattern of heavy metal elements in the surface sediments of the estuarine wetlands.In this study,we collected surface sediments and measured the contents of Ca,Fe,Mg,Mn,Zn,Ni,Pb,Cr,Cd,Cu,and Li in Spartina alterniflora wetlands with different invasion history(3,5,7,10,15 and 20 years),as well as in Phragmites australis wetland,Suaeda salsa wetland,Tamarix chinensis wetland,and bare land wetland.The enrichment coefficient and the geoaccumulation index were used to evaluate pollution level and analyze the influence of S.alterniflora invasion on nutrient distribution.The results showed that:(1)As the progress of S.alterniflora invasion,the organic carbon(SOC)and total nitrogen(TN)contents of the surface sediments of S.alterniflora wetlands were greater than those of native vegetation-covered wetlands.The contents of heavy metals in wetland sediments of native vegetations were higher than those in sediments of S.alterniflora invaded wetlands.(2)Ca was in moderate enrichment,while Cd pollution might be moderate in the region.(3)There were significant correlations among heavy metal elements.Fe and Mn contents were closely correlated with Mg,Zn,and Cu contents.Changes of contents of most elements in the S.alterniflora wetlands were mainly influenced by lithospheric bedrock weathering and sediment transport deposition.

关 键 词：互花米草 重金属 污染 生物地球化学循环 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]