热带旅游海岛珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价——以马来西亚热浪岛和停泊岛为例  

Ecological vulnerability assessment of coral reefs in tropical tourist islands:A case study of Pulau Redang and Pulau Perhentian in Malaysia.

作　　者：贾戬 胡文佳 Tan Chun Hong Zainudin Bachok 郑新庆 张静[1] JIA Jian;HU Wenjia;Tan Chun Hong;Zainudin Bachok;ZHENG Xinqing;ZHANG Jing(College of Fisheries,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation,Third Institute of Oceanography,Ministry of Natural Resources,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;Faculty of Science and Marine Environment,University Malaysia Terengganu,Terengganu 21030,Malaysia;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Conservation and Restoration,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;Observation and Research Station of Wetland Ecosystem in the Beibu Gulf,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beihai 356015,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学水产学院,福建厦门361021 [2]自然资源部第三海洋研究所海洋生态保护和修复重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [3]马来西亚登嘉楼大学科学与海洋环境学院,马来西亚登嘉楼州21030 [4]福建省海洋生态保护和修复重点实验室,福建厦门361005 [5]自然资源部北部湾湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站,广西北海356015

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第10期2526-2535,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国东盟海上合作基金海洋保护地网络建设项目;自然资源部第三海洋研究所基本科研业务费(2020017);全球变化背景下南中国海近海生态系统监测与保护管理示范项目;福建省海洋生态保护和修复重点实验室开放基金资助

摘　　要：珊瑚礁生态系统提供了重要的经济和生态效益,但人类活动和气候变化已威胁到脆弱的珊瑚礁生态系统。本研究选取马来西亚的热门旅游海岛——热浪岛和停泊岛作为研究区域,基于暴露性-敏感性-适应性模型框架,结合调查数据和人类活动兴趣点空间分析方法建立珊瑚礁生态脆弱性评价指标体系,评估研究区珊瑚礁的生态脆弱程度,并提出管控对策。结果表明:研究区珊瑚礁生态脆弱性指数为-0.30~0.66,热浪岛周边站位生态脆弱性指数平均值为0.08,停泊岛周边站位生态脆弱性指数平均值为0.26,停泊岛区域的珊瑚礁脆弱性整体高于热浪岛,高度脆弱地点主要聚集在大小停泊岛的南部,而轻度脆弱地点位于停泊岛西北和热浪岛东部。冗余分析结果表明,影响珊瑚礁生态脆弱性的主要环境因子为盐度、浊度,主要人类活动因子为度假村和客运码头。控制娱乐设施与珊瑚礁区的距离、对海洋公园进行功能区划分等措施可能对降低当地珊瑚礁脆弱性具有积极意义,可作为当地珊瑚礁保护管理的备选对策。Coral reef ecosystems provide important economic and ecological benefits,but are threatened by human activities and environmental change.Based on the exposure-sensitivity-adaptability model framework,we established an assessment index system of coral reef ecological vulnerability by combining survey data with spatial analysis of points-of-interest of human activities,and put forward control countermeasures in two Malaysian popular tourist islands,Pulau Redang and Pulau Perhentian.The results showed that ecological vulnerability index of coral reefs in the study area ranged-0.30 to 0.66,with an average value of 0.08 and 0.26 for the stations around Pulau Redang and Pulau Perhentian,respectively.The overall vulnerability of coral reefs in Pulau Perhentian was higher than that in Pulau Redang.The highly vulnerable sites were mainly located in the southern part of Pulau Perhentian,while the mildly vulnerable sites were in northwest of Pulau Perhentian and eastern Pulau Redang.The results of redundancy analysis showed that salinity and turbidity were the main environmental factors affecting the ecological vulnerability of coral reefs,while resort and passenger terminal were the main human activity factors.Therefore,controlling the distance between recreational facilities and coral reef areas and dividing marine parks into functional zones would help reduce the vulnerability of local coral reefs,and can be used as alternative strategies for local coral reef conservation and management.

关 键 词：珊瑚礁生态系统 生态脆弱性评价 珊瑚礁 珊瑚礁保护 

分 类 号：Q178[生物学—水生生物学]