福建省40岁及以上男性吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病相关因素分析  

The influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in male smokers(≥40 years old)in Fujian Province

作　　者：尹艳榕 陈婧瑜[1] 钟文玲 陈铁晖[1] 章叶发[1] 杨泽 林修全[1] YIN Yanrong;CHENG Jingyu;ZHONG Wenling;CHENG Tiehui;ZHANG Yefa;YAN Ze;LING Xiuquan(Department of Endemic and Non-communicable Diseases Prevention,Fujian Provincial Center for Disease and Prevention,Fuzhou,Fujian Province 350001,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省疾病预防控制中心地方病及慢性非传染性疾病防治所,福建省福州350001

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2023年第8期597-600,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：福建省卫生健康科技计划项目资助(2020QNB016);福建省科技厅引导性项目(2020Y0060);福建省科技创新平台项目(2019Y2001)。

摘　　要：目的了解福建省40岁及以上男性吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)患病情况及影响因素,为有效防控吸烟人群COPD提供参考依据。方法数据来源于2019—2020年福建省居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病监测调查,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,抽取5486名≥40岁常住居民进行调查,进行问卷调查和体格检查。将其中≥40岁男性吸烟者1989人的数据纳入分析。采用SAS 9.4软件,利用复杂抽样加权方法估计COPD患病率,并进行基于复杂抽样设计的RaoScottχ2检验和logistic回归分析。结果福建省40岁及以上男性吸烟人群COPD的患病率为21.54%,农村(22.76%)高于城市(20.27%)。不同居住地、文化程度、职业、室内空气污染情况、BMI分类、每日吸烟量人群的COPD患病率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。吸烟人群COPD加权患病率随年龄、烟龄的增长均呈上升趋势(P<0.01)。多因素logistic分析结果显示,高年龄(与40~49岁组相比,50~、60~和70~岁组的OR值分别为2.58、4.48、4.95)、家族史(OR=1.42)、体重较轻(OR=2.28)、每日吸烟量30支及以上(OR=1.55)和吸烟年限≥50年(OR=3.81)与COPD患病高风险相关;超重(OR=0.53)、肥胖(OR=0.33)与COPD患病低风险相关,与农林牧渔水利业人员相比,职业为国家机关、办事人员和专业技术人员(OR=0.30)与COPD患病低风险相关,均有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论福建省≥40岁男性吸烟人群COPD患病率较高,应针对老年人、有呼吸系统疾病家族史的人群和可改变的行为危险因素如吸烟、低BMI采取综合防控措施,降低COPD疾病负担。Objective To understand the prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)in male smokers(≥40 years old)of Fujian Province,and provide the scientific basis for prevention and treatment of COPD.Methods The data of this study were from"COPD surveillance in Fujian(2019-2020)",the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 5486 residents(≥40 years old)as the subjects,the investigation was performed with questionnaire and physical examination;1989 male smokers(≥40 years old)were selected for the analysis.The used software was SAS 9.4.The morbidity of COPD in smokers in Fujian Province was estimated by weighted complex sampling method.The influencing factors of COPD in male smokers were analyzed by Rao-Scottχ2 test and logistic regression analysis.Results The morbidity of COPD in male smokers(≥40 years old)in Fujian Province was 21.54%,the morbidity(22.76%)of COPD in rural areas was significantly higher than that(20.27%)in urban areas.There were significant differences of COPD morbidity in individuals with different residences,educational levels,occupations,indoor air pollution,body mass index,and daily smoking levels(P<0.01).The results of multiple factor analysis showed that elder age(as compared with 40-49 years old group,50-59 years old group:OR=2.58;60-69 years old group:OR=4.48;≥70 years old:OR=4.95);family history(OR=1.42),low body mass index(OR=2.28),average daily cigarette consumption≥30(OR=1.55)and smoking duration≥50 years(OR=3.81)were related to the higher risk of COPD;overweight(OR=0.53)and obesity(OR=0.33)were related to lower risk of COPD;as compared with persons with farming,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery jobs,the persons with administrative officers and technical personnels jobs(OR=0.30)were related to lower risk of COPD(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusion The morbidity of COPD in male smokers(≥40 years old)in Fujian Province is high.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the burden of COP

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 吸烟人群 横断面研究 影响因素 

分 类 号：R563[医药卫生—呼吸系统]