内蒙古地区学生超重肥胖与血压偏高及其共病状况的生活方式影响因素分析  

Co-occurrence trend of overweight,obesity and elevated blood pressure and its association with lifestyle factors among students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

作　　者：蒋家诺 杨田 袁雯 秦阳 宋欣俐 张奕[1] 陈力 王若琳 张秀红 宋逸[1] 马军[1] 董彦会 JIANG Jianuo;YANG Tian;YUAN Wen;QIN Yang;SONG Xinli;ZHANG Yi;CHEN Li;WANG Ruolin;ZHANG Xiuhong;SONG Yi;MA Jun;DONG Yanhui(Institute of Child and Adolescent Health,School of Public Health,Peking University,Bejing(100191),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京100191 [2]内蒙古自治区综合疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第9期1313-1318,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：北京教育科学规划课题(AECA22126);北京教育科学规划课题(AHCA23107)。

摘　　要：目的探究2016—2021年学生超重肥胖、血压偏高及其共病的流行趋势,分析其生活方式影响因素,为制定区域性常见病共病的学校防控策略提供参考。方法采用分层随机整群抽样方法于2016—2021年每年9月选取内蒙古8908,8222,9448,127068,100778,138540名10~18岁学生为研究对象,对其进行体格检查和问卷调查,分析超重肥胖、血压偏高及其共病的流行趋势,采用Logistic回归分析不同体质量指数(BMI)分组的血压偏高检出情况。排除2021年生活方式信息缺失者后,采用Logistic回归分析136374名研究对象超重肥胖、血压偏高及其共病的生活方式影响因素。结果2016—2021年学生超重肥胖与血压偏高共病的检出率分别为5.04%,5.14%,4.99%,7.51%,7.60%,9.45%;超重肥胖的检出率分别为26.94%,28.07%,29.62%,34.19%,36.71%,37.53%;血压偏高检出率分别为16.05%,11.54%,13.12%,14.85%,14.12%,18.40%。除2016年外,其余年份均呈现超重肥胖者发生血压偏高的风险较BMI正常组升高,分性别、城乡后也呈现出超重肥胖与血压偏高正性相关(P值均<0.05)。2021年城区儿童青少年超重肥胖与血压偏高共病的检出率高于郊县,健康生活方式的报告率低于郊县(P值均<0.05)。非每天吃早餐(OR=1.11,95%CI=1.07~1.16)和非每天中高强度身体活动≥60 min(OR=1.27,95%CI=1.20~1.34)与儿童青少年超重肥胖与血压偏高共病的发生呈正相关,非每天中高强度身体活动≥60 min与血压偏高的发生呈正相关(OR=1.11,95%CI=1.07~1.16),睡眠时间不达标与超重肥胖的发生呈正相关(OR=1.04,95%CI=1.01~1.06)(P值均<0.05)。结论内蒙古儿童青少年超重肥胖、血压偏高及其共病的检出率较高,超重肥胖是血压偏高发生的重要风险因素,不健康生活方式是其共发的风险因素。因地制宜的生活方式干预是实现区域性常见病共病共防不可缺少的措施,城区可能是生活方式干预的重点区域。Objective To explore the epidemiological trend of overweight and obesity,elevated blood pressure and their comor-bidities in children and adolescents from Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region during 2016-2021,and to analyze its association with lifestyle,so as to provide reference for formulating prevention and control strategies of regional common comorbidities in schools.Methods A total of 8908,8222,9448,127068,100778,and 138540 students aged 10-18 years in Inner Mongolia were se lected by stratified random cluster sampling in September each year from 2016 to 2021.Physical examination and questionnaire sur-vey were conducted on the included students.The prevalence trends of overweight,obesity,elevated blood pressure and their co-oc-currence were analyzed.Logistic regression was used to compare the prevalence of elevated blood pressure in different body mass in-dex(BMI)groups.Affer excluding individuals without lifestyle information in 2021,Logistic regression analysis was used on 136374 subjects to analyze the association between overweight,obesity,elevated blood pressure and their co-occurrence and lifes-tyle factors.Results During 2016 to 2021,the prevalence of comorbidity of overweight,obesity with elevated blood pressure a-mong students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were 5.04%,5.14%,4.99%,7.51%,7.60%and 9.45%,respectively.The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 26.94%,28.07%,29.62%,34.19%,36.71%and 37.53%,respectively.The prevalence of elevated blood pressure were 16.05%,11.54%,13.12%,14.85%,14.12%and 18.40%,respectively.Except for 2016,the risk of elevated blood pressure in overweight and obese people was higher than that in normal BMI group in other years,and there was a positive correlation between overweight and obesity and elevated blood pressure after gender and urban and rural areas(P<0.05).In 2021,the detection rate of comorbidity of overweight and obesity with elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents in urban areas was higher than that in suburban counties,and the reporting rat

关 键 词：超重 肥胖症 血压 生活方式 共病现象 学生 少数民族 

分 类 号：R723.14[医药卫生—儿科] R544[医药卫生—临床医学] R179