24 h活动行为对大学生体质健康影响的等时替代效益  

The isochronous substitution effect of 24-hour activity behavior on physical health of college students

作　　者：宋云峰 谭思洁[1] 齐玉刚 冯展鹏 张国俊 曹立全[1] SONG Yunfeng;TAN Sijie;QI Yugang;FENG Zhanpeng;ZHANG Guojun;CAO Liquan(School of Sports Health,Tianjin Institute of Sports,Tianjin(301617),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]天津体育学院运动健康学院,天津301617 [2]天津科技大学体育部

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第9期1382-1386,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家社科基金教育科学规划课题(BLA220234)。

摘　　要：目的建立等时替代模型探讨在校大学生24 h活动行为与体质健康的关联及替代效应,为大学生改善体质健康水平提供具体的活动行为建议。方法于2023年4—5月采用分层随机整群抽样法,对天津市12所高校2794名大学生进行体质健康测试与24 h活动行为调查,调查内容为久坐(SB)时间、低强度体力活动(LPA)时间、中高强度体力活动(MVPA)时间与睡眠(SLP)时间;采用成分等时替代方法,探究24 h活动行为与体质健康的量效关系。结果除50 m跑外,MVPA与BMI-Z呈负相关(β=-0.62),但与其余体质指标呈正相关(β=0.34~274.23);LPA与肺活量、坐位体前屈和50 m跑无相关性,与其余体质指标呈负相关(β=-14.30~-0.19);SB与多数体质指标呈负相关(β=-11.57~-0.33),但与BMI-Z呈正相关(β=0.45);除肺活量外,SLP与BMI-Z、体质总分、1 min仰卧起坐、引体向上、800/1000 m跑、坐位体前屈、50 m跑均呈正相关(β=0.27~11.21),但与跳远呈负相关(β=-0.10)(P值均<0.05)。成分等时替代显示,30 min/d的SB和LPA替代MVPA产生的不利效应均大于MVPA替代相应行为所产生的有益效应(体质总分:SB,-0.58和0.47分;LPA,-0.50和0.38分)。结论MVPA与SLP对大学生体质健康具有积极正向的影响效应。在改善大学生体质健康过程中,保证睡眠充足,尽可能提高MVPA和降低SB可能是有效方法之一。Objective An isochronous substitution model was established to explore the association and substitution effect be-tween college students'24-hour activity behavior and physical health,so as to provide specific activity behavior suggestions for col-lege students to improve their physical health.Methods A stratified random cluster sampling method was used to conduct physical fitness tests and 24-hour activity behavior surveys among 2794 college students in 12 colleges and universities in Tianjin.Time spent on sedentary behavior(SB),light-intensity physical activity(LPA),moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA)and sleep(SLP)time.The isochronous method of components was used to explore the relationship between 24 h activity behavior and physical health.Results Except for 50 m running,MVPA was negatively correlated with BMI-Z(β=-0.62,P<0.05),but positively correlated with other physical fitness indexes(β=0.34~274.23,P<0.05).LPA was not associated with lung capacity,stting forward flexion and 50 m running,and negatively correlated with other physical fitness indexes(β=-14.30--0.19,P<0.05).SB was negatively correlated with most physical fitness indexes(β=-11.57--0.33,P<0.05),but positively correlated with BMI-Z(β=0.45,P<0.05).In addition to lung capacity,SLP was positively correlated with BMI-Z,total physical fitness score,1-minute sit-ups,pull-ups,800/1000 m running,siting forward flexion,and 50 m running(β=0.27-11.21,P<0.05),but negatively correlated with long jump(β=-0.10,P<0.05).Isochronous substitution showed that the adverse effects of 30 min/d SB and LPA substitution of MVPA were much greater than the beneficial effects of MVPA substitution for corresponding behaviors(total physical score:SB,-0.58 vs 0.47 points;LPA,-0.50 vs 0.38 points).Conclusion MVPA and SLP have been found to have a positive effect on physical fitness among college students.Therefore,in the process of improving the physical health of college students,ensuring ade-quate sleep,improving MVPA and reducing SB as much as possible may be

关 键 词：运动活动 体质 生长和发育 等时替代 学生 

分 类 号：G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学] G806[文化科学—体育学] R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]