广州市2012—2020年小儿轮状病毒腹泻与气压的关联  

The association between rotavirus diarrhea in children and atmospheric pressure in Guangzhou City from 2012 to 2020

作　　者：李丽娟 原皓 何依伶 郭巧芝 赵丹洋 陈琴 LI Lijuan;YUAN Hao;HE Yiling;GUO Qiaozhi;ZHAO Danyang;CHEN Qin(Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center,Guangzhou(510623),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心医院 [2]中山大学附属第一医院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第9期1392-1395,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广东省中医药局中医药科研项目(20222163);广州市卫生健康科技项目(2021A010022)。

摘　　要：目的探究广州市不同气压水平暴露对小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病的影响,为提高公众对于高气压暴露后的风险干预提供参考。方法通过中国传染病网络报告系统和中国气象科学数据共享服务网收集2012—2020年广州市小儿轮状病毒腹泻的每日发病数及同期气象数据,利用分布滞后非线性模型(distributed lag non-linear models,DLNM)分析小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病与气压的关联,进一步评估不同性别、年龄段人群在不同气压水平暴露后的风险。结果2012—2020年累计报告小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病共18587例,其中男童11662例(62.7%),6~<24月龄儿童构成比最高(67.7%,12582例)。DLNM结果显示,极端高气压天气暴露当天,小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病风险最高(RR=1.50,95%CI=1.24~1.82,P<0.05),且影响可持续28 d;低气压的暴露后2周内对小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病风险较低(P值均<0.05)。极端高压天气期间,女童的发病风险(RR=3.31,95%CI=1.46~7.49,P<0.05)高于男童(RR=1.98,95%CI=0.96~4.07,P>0.05)。不同年龄亚组中,在所观测气压最大值暴露后,24~<60月龄儿童发病风险最高(RR=3.36,95%CI=1.27~8.89,P<0.05)。结论广州高气压的暴露会增加小儿轮状病毒腹泻发病风险。未来应提高公众对于高气压暴露后的风险意识。Objective To explore the relative risks of rotavirus diarrhea after exposure to different levels of atmospheric pressure in children in Guangzhou City,so as to provide reference for improving public awareness of high atmospheric pressure exposure.Methods The study used the China Notifiable Communicable Diseases Network System and China Meteorological Science Data Sharing Service Network to collect meteorological data and data relating to daily cases of rotavirus diarrhea in children at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from 2012 to 2020.The association between rotavirus diarrhea and atmospheric pressure was analyzed using distributed lag non-linear models(DLNM).The relative risks of different sex and age sub-groups exposed to different atmospheric pressures were also evaluated.Results A total of 18587 cases of rotavirus diarrhea were reported from 2012 to 2020,among which 11662 cases(62.7%)were boys,and 12582 cases(67.7%)were children aged 6 to 24 months old,which represen-ted the highest proportion.The results of the DLNM showed that the relative risk of rotavirus diarrhea was the highest on the day of exposure to extreme high atmospheric pressure(RR=1.50,95%CI=1.24-1.82,P<0.05)and the effect could last for 28 days.Risk of rotavirus diarrhea was low for exposure to low pressure within 2 weeks(P<0.05).During extremely high atmospheric pressure weather,RR was higher in girls(RR=3.31,95%CI=1.46-7.49,P<0.05)than that in boys(RR=1.98,95%CI=0.96-4.07,P>0.05).Among different age sub-groups,RR was the highest in children aged 24 to 60 months after exposure to the highest level of atmospheric pressure exposure(RR=3.36,95%CI=1.27-8.89,P<0.05).Conclusion In Guangzhou,exposure to high pressure increases the risk of rotavirus diarrhea in children.In the future,public awareness should be raised regarding the risk after exposure to high atmospheric pressure.

关 键 词：轮状病毒属 腹泻 发病率 儿童 

分 类 号：R511[医药卫生—内科学] R181.33[医药卫生—临床医学] R179