低生育水平时期助产士职业压力现状及影响因素分析  

The Analysis of the Occupational Stress and its Influencing Factors in Midwife during the Period of Low Fertility

作　　者：赵聪聪 程相红 刘利 王真真 赵琪 ZHAO Congcong;CHENG Xianghong;LIU Li;WANG Zhenzhen;ZHAO Qi(Henan Provincial People's Hospital,Henan Provincial Key Medicine Laboratory of Nursing,Zhengzhou University People's Hospital,Zhengzhou 450000)

机构地区：[1]河南省人民医院,河南省护理医学重点实验室,郑州大学人民医院产科,郑州450000

出　　处：《临床护理杂志》2023年第5期2-6,共5页Journal of Clinical Nursing

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20220082)。

摘　　要：目的调查河南省郑州市9所三级甲等医院139名助产士的职业压力现状及其影响因素,为降低低生育水平时期助产士职业压力提供依据。方法采用一般资料调查表、护士工作压力源量表、知觉压力量表、社会支持评定量表及简易应对方式量表进行横断面调查。采用多元线性回归分析助产士职业压力的影响因素。结果有效回收问卷139份(97.89%),助产士工作压力总分为(2.21±0.42)分,多元线性回归分析结果显示,育儿数、月收入、每周平均工作时间、平均每月夜班数、知觉压力及消极应对方式是影响助产士职业压力主要因素(P<0.05)。助产士职业压力与社会支持呈负相关(r=-0.292,P<0.01),与应对方式呈正相关(r=0.172,P<0.05),与知觉压力呈正相关(r=0.443,P<0.01)。结论低生育水平时期助产士职业压力程度处于中度水平,护理管理者可以通过制定压力管理策略,降低助产士职业压力水平,提高助产士的生活及工作质量。Objective The purpose of this study is to investigate the status and influencing factors of occupational stress in 139 midwives from 9 hospitals in Zhengzhou,Henan Province,and to provide a basic theory for reducing the pressure level of midwives in the period of low fertility level.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted by the general data questionnaire,nurse job stressors,Chinese Perceived Stress Scale,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire Social Support Rating Scale.Besides,multiple linear regression was used to identify predictors of the occupational pressure of midwives.Results The total score of nurse job stressors was(2.21±0.42),Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the number of children,Income,working hours,night shifts,perceived stress and negative coping styles were the main influencing factors of the midewive job stressors(P<0.05).There was a negative correlation between occupational stress and social support(r=-0.292,P<0.01),a positive correlation between simple coping style and perceived stress(r=0.172,P<0.05),and a positive correlation between perceived stress and perceived stress(r=0.443,P<0.01).Conclusion Midwives job stressors level is at a moderate level.Managers can make management measures to reduce the level of job stressors and improve the quality of life and work of midwives.

关 键 词：低生育水平 助产士 职业压力 

分 类 号：R192.7[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R131[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]