基因编码型生物传感器在微生物细胞工厂中的应用进展  

Application Progress of Genetically Encoded Biosensors in Microbial Cell Factory

作　　者：洪霞 田开仁[3] 乔建军 李艳妮[1,2] HONG Xia;TIAN Kai-ren;QIAO Jian-jun;LI Yan-ni(School of Chemical Engineering and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of Ministry of Education,Tianjin 300072,China;Zhejiang Institute of Tianjin University(Shaoxing),Shaoxing s312300,China)

机构地区：[1]天津大学化工学院,天津300072 [2]系统生物工程教育部重点实验室,天津300072 [3]天津大学浙江研究院(绍兴),绍兴312300

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2023年第9期62-76,共15页China Biotechnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFA0904104)。

摘　　要：合成生物学的迅猛发展推动了微生物细胞工厂中多种复杂化学品的生物合成,但仍存在产量低、生产效率不高等诸多问题。基因编码型生物传感器可以感知细胞内外代谢物浓度及外界环境的波动,产生可测量的信号输出或调控通路中的基因表达水平,具有成本低、操作简单、可再生等优点。目前,基因编码型生物传感器已经成为合成生物学和代谢工程的重要组成部分,是微生物细胞工厂中代谢动态调控及理想表型进化/筛选的强大工具。概述了基因编码型生物传感器的组成及工作原理,重点介绍了基因编码型生物传感器在微生物代谢动态调控及高通量筛选中的最新研究进展,就基因编码型生物传感器设计与构建过程中面临的挑战进行探讨,并展望了其今后的发展方向。The rapid development of synthetic biology has promoted the biosynthesis of various complex chemicals in microbial cell factories.However,there are still many problems such as low yield and low production efficiency.Genetically encoded biosensors can sense the fluctuation of intracellular and extracellular metabolite concentration and external environment,and produce measurable signal output or regulate gene expression level in metabolic pathway.Biosensors have aroused widespread attention among synthetic biologists because of their advantages of low cost,simple operation and reproducibility.At present,genetically encoded biosensors have become an important part of synthetic biology and metabolic engineering,and also a powerful tool for metabolic dynamic regulation and ideal phenotype evolution/screening in microbial cell factories.Therefore,the composition and operating principle of genetically encoded biosensors are summarized first,and then,the latest application research of genetically encoded biosensors in dynamic regulation and high-throughput screening of microbial metabolism is emphatically introduced.Finally,the main challenges faced in the design and construction of genetically encoded biosensors are explored,and the future development prospects are discussed.

关 键 词：基因编码型生物传感器 合成生物学 微生物细胞工厂 动态调控 高通量筛选 

分 类 号：Q812[生物学—生物工程]