黄淮海子粒收获玉米对种植密度的响应  

Response to Planting Density of Maize Suitable for Machine Harvesting in Huang-Huai-Hai

作　　者：王昌亮 张国合 常建智 吴西利 闫丽慧 李彦昌 王芬霞 侯现军 蔡馨燕 WANG Chang-liang;ZHANG Guo-he;CHANG Jian-zhi;WU Xi-li;YAN Li-hui;LI Yan-chang;WANG Fen-xia;HOU Xian-jun;CAI Xin-yan(Hebi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hebi 458031;Hebi Institute of science and technology information,Hebi Henan 458031;Shandong Academy of Science and Technology Information,Jinan 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]鹤壁市农业科学院,河南鹤壁458031 [2]鹤壁市科学技术情报研究所,河南鹤壁458031 [3]山东省科学技术情报研究院,济南250101

出　　处：《玉米科学》2023年第4期99-107,共9页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业建设基金“国家玉米产业技术体系建设项目”(CARS-02-67);河南省科技攻关“利用近缘自交系改良玉米单交种制种产量的研究与应用”(222102110300);河南省科技攻关“基于关键生育期的玉米气生根遗传分析及抗倒伏模型构建”(222102110182)。

摘　　要：以宜子粒收获玉米品种浚单1668为材料,2019-2020年设置5个种植密度,分析种植密度叶面积指数(LAI)、干物质积累、转运与分配的影响,研究种植密度对产量及构成因子的影响。结果表明,随着种植密度的提高,宜机械粒收玉米品种浚单1668子粒产量呈现先增加后减小的趋势,子粒最高产量为12736.91 kg/hm^(2),单株各器官干物质及单株总干物质呈现下降趋势,成熟期各器官干物质所占比重依次为子粒>茎秆>叶片>穗轴>叶鞘>苞叶。对比两年试验结果,LAI在整个生育期呈现先升高后降低的趋势,吐丝期达到最大值;各器官干物质转运在不同密度间存在显著差异,只有叶片有干物质转运,最大转化量为7.68 g/株,对子粒的贡献率仅为7.16%。Xundan 1668'of maize suitable for machine harvesting was used as the material,from 2019 to 2020,five planting densities were established to analyze the effects of the planting densities of maize on leaf area index(LAI),dry matter accumulation,transshipment and distribution of population,and studies the effects of densities on maize yield and its composition factors to reveal the formation mechanism of suitable.The results showed that,with the increasing of planting densities,the grain yield of‘Xundan1668'maize variety first increased and then decreased with the increase of planting density.The maximum grain yield was 12736.91 kg/ha,the dry weight of different organs and total dry matter of single plant decreased,the grain accounted for the main proportion of dry matter after maturity,and the order from high to low proportion of other organs was grain>stem>leaf>cob>leaf sheath>bract.The results of two-year comparative test showed that,the LAI of‘Xundan1668'showing a trend of first increasing and then decreasing in the whole growth period,and reaching the maximum in silking period.There were significant differences in dry matter transport among different densities of maize organs,only leaves have dry matter transport,the maximum transformation amount was 7.68 g,the contribution rate to grain was only 7.16%.

关 键 词：玉米 机械化粒收 种植密度 叶面积指数 干物质 产量 

分 类 号：S513.01[农业科学—作物学]