供氮水平对不同氮效率玉米品种氮素吸收、干物质形成及产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Supply Levels on Nitrogen Uptake,Dry Matter Production and Yield of Maize Varieties with Different Nitrogen Efficiency

作　　者：王帅丽 穆心愿 杨豫龙 徐佳敏 刘天学[1] 温涛 付景[2] 郑玉珍 赵亚丽[1] 李鸿萍[1] 张改平 赵霞[2] WANG Shuai-li;MU Xin-yuan;YANG Yu-long;XU Jia-min;LIU Tian-xue;WEN Tao;FU Jing;ZHENG Yu-zhen;ZHAO Ya-li;LI Hong-ping;ZHANG Gai-ping;ZHAO Xia(College of Agronomy,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002;Cereal Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Henan International Joint Laboratory on Maize Precision Production,Zhengzhou 450002;Yuzhou Agricultural and Rural Bureau,Yuzhou 461670,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所/河南省玉米绿色精准生产国际联合实验室,郑州450002 [3]禹州市农业农村局,河南禹州461670

出　　处：《玉米科学》2023年第4期118-130,共13页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：河南省农业科学院基础性科研项目(JC009);河南省农业科学院农业生产发展资金示范推广项目(2021);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0301103);耐低氮绿色玉米品种筛选及关键评价指标研究(2021ZC10)。

摘　　要：以低氮高效型玉米品种郑单958、高氮高效型玉米品种先玉335、双低效型玉米品种豫单606、双高效型玉米品种秋乐368为材料,研究不同氮效率玉米品种在不施氮肥和纯氮90、180、270、360 kg/hm^(2)处理下产量、干物质积累与转运及氮素吸收利用的差异。结果表明,与双低效型品种相比,低氮高效型品种在低氮条件下可以正常维持物质合成,具有较高的氮素积累量和干物质积累量,粒重增加,进而具有较高产量优势;高氮高效型品种在高氮条件下具有较高的花后干物质积累量、氮素积累量,能维持较长时间的光合作用,子粒库容量较高,库调节能力较强,子粒产量存在优势;双高效型品种同时具有以上特性。This study investigated the differences of yield,dry matter accumulation and transport,and nitrogen uptake and utilization of maize varieties with different nitrogen efficiency under the treatment of no nitrogen and the N amount of 90,180,270,360 kg/ha with Zhengdan958,Xianyu335,Yudan606 and Qiule368 as materials.The re-sults showed that,compared with the low-nitrogen inefficient cultivars,the low-nitrogen efficient cultivars could maintain the normal substance synthesis under low nitrogen stress,which had higher nitrogen accumulation,higher dry matter accumulation and heavier grain weight,thus had higher yield advantages.The high-nitrogen efficient cultivars had higher dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation after anthesis,and could maintain photosynthesis for a longer time,and possessing higher sink capacity and stronger sink regulation ability under high nitrogen conditions,thus achieving a yield advantage.The efficient-efficient cultivars had the above characteristics of the low-nitrogen efficient cultivars and the high-nitrogen efficient cultivars.

关 键 词：玉米 品种 供氮水平 干物质积累 氮素吸收 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]