跑鞋前脚掌屈曲刚度对跑步效率及下肢关节功的影响  

Influence of Flexion Stiffness of Front Foot of Running Shoes on Running Efficiency and Lower Limb Joint Function of Runners

作　　者：蒋晓斌[1] 刘晶芝[1] 刘锋[2] JIANG Xiaobin;LIU Jingzhi;LIU Feng(Department of Physical Education,Xinjiang Institute of Engineering,Urumqi 830023,China;Department of Physical Education,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆工程学院体育部,新疆乌鲁木齐830023 [2]新疆大学体育部,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《中国皮革》2023年第8期83-86,90,共5页China Leather

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目(2021-2023)。

摘　　要：简述了跑鞋前脚掌屈曲刚度的研究现状,选取12名体育学院学生作为受试者,通过嵌入不同刚度的鞋垫,设计了低刚度、中等刚度、较高刚度和高刚度4种跑鞋。采集受试者心率、RPE量表评分和20~30 m段的平均速度,以分析跑鞋前脚掌屈曲刚度对运动员跑步效率的影响。采集下肢各关节最大力矩、关节正功、关节负功等数据,探究穿着不同前脚掌屈曲刚度跑鞋情况下各关节做功的改变。结果表明,适当增加跑鞋前脚掌屈曲刚度可提升跑步速度,有助于提升运动表现和跑步经济性,但刚度过高容易引起运动疲劳;前脚掌屈曲刚度的改变主要影响下肢膝关节和踝关节,对各关节最大力矩、最大正功率、关节正功的影响不明显,选择较高刚度跑鞋可明显减轻膝关节负功,保护跖趾关节和踝关节,降低运动损伤风险。This paper briefly describes the research status of the flexion stiffness of the front foot of running shoes. 12 students from the institute of physical education were selected as subjects to design four kinds of running shoes with low stiffness, medium stiffness, high stiffness and high stiffness by embedding insoles with different stiffness. The subjects' heart rate, RPE scale score and average speed in 20~30 m segment were collected to analyze the influence of the flexion stiffness of the forefoot on the running efficiency of athletes. Data such as maximum torque, joint positive work and joint negative work of each joint of the lower limbs were collected to explore the changes of joint work under the condition of wearing running shoes with different flexion stiffness of the forefoot. The results show that increasing the flexion stiffness of the front foot can improve the running speed and improve the performance and running economy, but too high stiffness is easy to cause exercise fatigue. The change of flexion stiffness of the forefoot mainly affects the knee joint and ankle joint of the lower extremity, and has no obvious influence on the maximum torque, maximum positive power and positive work of each joint. The selection of high stiffness running shoes can significantly reduce the negative work of the knee joint, protect the metatarsophalangeal joint and ankle joint, and reduce the risk of sports injury.

关 键 词：跑鞋 屈曲刚度 跑步效率 下肢关节 正、负功 

分 类 号：TS94[轻工技术与工程—服装设计与工程]