三季油料作物轮作模式安全利用镉污染农田及其经济效益评估  

Safe utilization of cadmium-contaminated agricultural land and evaluation of its economic benefits under three-season oil crop rotation patterns

作　　者：唐云鹏 胡胜男 陈镔 杨文俊 陈璘涵 马桥 曾清如[1] TANG Yunpeng;HU Shengnan;CHEN Bin;YANG Wenjun;CHEN Linhan;MA Qiao;ZENG Qingru(College of Environment and Ecology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学环境与生态学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第8期2655-2664,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U20A20108)。

摘　　要：我国农田镉(Cd)污染严重且普遍,安全利用和修复Cd污染农田意义重大。在中度Cd污染农田中建立了2种3季轮作模式,探究不同轮作模式对土壤Cd的长期修复效应和安全生产的可行性。结果表明:油菜-花生-亚麻和油菜-芝麻-东南景天轮作模式的农作物均在中度Cd污染农田生长正常。东南景天的地上部的Cd质量分数可达42.17 mg·kg^(−1),富集系数(BCF)为59.77。油料作物非可食部位Cd的BCF均大于1,壳和籽粒Cd的BCF小于1。4种油料作物籽粒提取的粗油Cd质量分数为17.00~49.00μg·kg^(−1)。2种轮作模式的Cd累积量与理论修复效率均有显著差异(p<0.05),Cd累积量分别为82.56、145.20 g·ha^(−1),理论修复Cd效率分别为3.83%、6.74%。2种轮作模式修复后土壤总Cd与CaCl_(2)-Cd质量分数显著降低(p<0.05),其中油菜-芝麻-东南景天轮作模式中总Cd质量分数由0.83 mg·kg^(−1)降至0.76 mg·kg^(−1),CaCl_(2)-Cd质量分数由0.24 mg·kg^(−1)降至0.22 mg·kg^(−1)。油菜-花生-亚麻模式产生的经济效益为2.90×10^(4)元·ha^(−1),而油菜-芝麻-东南景天模式则需投入为1.90×10^(5)元·ha^(−1)。2种轮作模式都能起到安全利用的效果,其中油菜-芝麻-东南景天这种轮作模式有更好的Cd污染修复效果,而油菜-花生-亚麻轮作模式能产生更好的经济效益。本实验研究结果可为安全利用Cd污染农田提供参考。China has serious and extensive pollution of cadmium(Cd)in agricultural land,and the safe utilization and remediation of Cd-contaminated agricultural land holds significant importance.Two 3-season crop rotation patterns were established in moderately Cd-contaminated agricultural land to investigate the long-term remediation effect of different crop rotation patterns on soil Cd and the feasibility of safe production.The results showed that crops in both the Rape-Peanut-Flax and Rape-Sesame-Sedum alfredii rotation patterns grew normally on moderately Cd-contaminated farmland.The Cd concentration of aboveground of Sedum alfredii was 42.17 mg·kg^(−1)and the Bioconcentration factor(BCF)was 59.77.The BCF of Cd in non-edible parts of oilseed crops were all greater than 1,while the BCF of shell and seed Cd were less than 1.The Cd concentration of crude oil extracted from the seeds of the four oilseed crops was 17.00~49.00μg·kg^(−1).The Cd accumulation and theoretical restoration efficiency of the two crop concentration rotation patterns were significantly different(p<0.05),with Cd accumulation of 82.56 and 145.20 g·ha^(−1)and theoretical restoration Cd efficiency of 3.83%and 6.74%,respectively.The total Cd and CaCl_(2)-Cd concentrations of the soil were significantly decreased(p<0.05)after the remediation of the two rotation patterns.The total Cd concentration decreased from 0.83 mg·kg^(−1)to 0.76 mg·kg^(−1)and CaCl_(2)-Cd concentration decreased from 0.24 mg·kg^(−1)to 0.22 mg·kg^(−1),respectively,in the Rape-Sesame-Sedum alfredii rotation.The economic efficiency of Rape-Peanut-Flax rotation was 2.90×10^(4) yuan·ha^(−1),while the economic efficiency of Rape-Sesame-Sedum alfredii rotation was−1.89×10^(5)yuan·ha^(−1).The two crop rotation patterns were able to safely utilize Cd-contaminated agricultural land,and the Rape-Sesame-Sedum alfredii rotation had better restoration effects,while the Rape-Peanut-Flax rotation could produce higher economic benefits.The results of this experiment can p

关 键 词：轮作 植物修复 镉 东南景天 植物油 安全利用 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]