不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌群落特征  

Characteristics of Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Quaternary Red Soils under Different Land-use Patterns

作　　者：张程程 孙仲秀[1] 王秋兵[1] 姜荧荧 段斯译 张永威 孙福军[1] ZHANG Cheng-cheng;SUN Zhong-xiu;WANG Qiu-bing;JIANG Ying-ying;DUAN Si-yi;ZHANG Yong-wei;SUN Fu-jun(College of Land and Environment,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China;Shenyang Institute of Technology,Shenyang 113122,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,110866 [2]沈阳工学院,113122

出　　处：《土壤通报》2023年第4期897-912,共16页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42277285);辽宁省教育厅科学研究经费项目(LSNQN202007);辽宁地区黑土地健康评价体系构建与应用(2022JH2/101300167);国家自然科学基金项目(41807002,41771245);科技基础资源调查专项课题(2021FY100405);中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2018M640531);辽宁省博士启动基金项目(20170520407)资助。

摘　　要：【目的】明确不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌群落特征,为古红土健康评价提供重要的生物性状数据,并为古红土资源的合理利用和科学管理提供指导。【方法】以疏林荒草地、荒草地、林地、耕地第四纪古红土和附近处于同一地层的埋藏第四纪古红土为研究对象,并以埋藏古红土作为对照组,利用高通量测序技术对不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌群落的丰富度、多样性和群落组成的变化进行分析,结合古红土理化性状,系统揭示不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌的群落特征。【结果】①不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土间微生物α多样性指数存在显著差异,较埋藏古红土,疏林荒草地、荒草地、林地和耕地古红土的细菌丰富度指数和多样性指数以及真菌的丰富度指数均显著增加,耕地的真菌多样性指数显著降低。②埋藏古红土出露地表后不同利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌优势菌群的相对丰度发生显著变化。较埋藏古红土,其他不同土地利用方式下古红土中变形菌门的相对丰度均显著降低,酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和芽单胞菌门的相对丰度均显著增加;疏林荒草地、荒草地和林地的子囊菌门的相对丰度显著降低,疏林荒草地和耕地的担子菌门的相对丰度显著增加,林地的被孢霉门的相对丰度显著增加。③古红土细菌和真菌群落的主坐标分析以及层次聚类分析显示,不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌群落结构发生变化,其中,荒草地与林地的群落结构最为相近。【结论】埋藏古红土出露地表后不同土地利用方式下第四纪古红土细菌和真菌丰富度、多样性以及群落组成都发生显著变化。研究结果可为开展古红土健康状况评价提供重要的生物性状数据,并为科学地管理与利用古红土资源奠定基础。[Objective]Clarifying the characteristics of bacterial and fungal communities in Quaternary Red soils under different land-use patterns will provide important biological property data for evaluating the health status of Red soils,and to provide guidance for the rational utilization and scientific management of Quaternary Red soil resources.[Method]Quaternary Red soils in sparse forest grassland,grassland,woodland,cultivated land and their nearby buried Quaternary Red soils underlying loess from the same stratum were taken as the research objects,and the buried Quaternary Red soil was taken as the control group.The high-throughput sequencing technology was used to determine the abundance,diversity and community composition changes of bacterial and fungal communities in Quaternary Red soils under different land use patterns.Combined with soil physical-chemical properties,the community characteristics of bacteria and fungi in Quaternary Red soils under different land use patterns were systematically addressed.[Result]There were significant differences between theα-diversity index of microbes in Quaternary Red soils under different land-use patterns.Compared to the buried Quaternary Red soil,the bacterial abundance index,diversity index,and fungal abundance index of Quaternary Red soils of sparse forest grassland,grassland,woodland,and cultivated land increased significantly,while the fungal diversity index of cultivated land decreased significantly.The relative abundance of dominant bacterial and fungal communities in Quaternary Red soils changed significantly under different land-use patterns following the buried Quaternary Red soils eroded to the land surface.Compared to the buried Quaternary Red soil,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in Quaternary Red soils under other land-use patterns significantly decreased,while the relative abundance of Acidobacteria,Chloroflex and Gemmatimonadetes significantly increased.The relative abundance of Ascomycota decreased significantly in the sparse forest grassland,gras

关 键 词：不同土地利用方式 第四纪古红土 土壤微生物 细菌 真菌 群落特征 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学]