基于AHP-熵权法的广西暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估  

Risk Assessment of Flood and Water-logging Disaster in Guangxi Province Based on AHP-entropy Method

作　　者：贾艳红 白莹[2] 翟禄新 JIA Yanhong;BAI Ying;ZHAI Luxin(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China;College of Environment and Resource,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541006,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学广西漓江流域景观资源保育与可持续利用重点实验室,广西桂林541006 [2]广西师范大学环境与资源学院,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《测绘与空间地理信息》2023年第10期13-17,共5页Geomatics & Spatial Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42061045);广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21220057);广西漓江流域景观资源保育与可持续利用重点实验室研究基金(LRCSU21Z0102);广西师范大学珠江-西江经济带发展研究院科学研究基金重点项目(ZX2020002)资助。

摘　　要：开展广西洪涝灾害风险评估可为降低暴雨灾害损失提供理论支撑,利用中国长短历时暴雨雨量特征数据集(1961—2015年)中广西全部站点的气象数据,结合基础地理数据、社会经济数据,通过AHP-熵权法为各项洪涝因子赋权,并借助GIS技术分析并开展广西暴雨洪涝灾害风险评估。研究结果表明:广西高风险灾害地区约占全域的9%,低风险灾害地区约占15%。广西从东南沿海到西北内陆暴雨洪涝风险逐渐减低。其原因是南部雨量大,暴雨历时长,部分市区地势平坦且海拔低。一些地区经济发达、人口密集,造成受灾损失重,同时也加大了暴雨洪涝灾害的风险。研究可为广西暴雨洪涝灾害预防与治理提供决策参考。The risk assessment of flood disaster in Guangxi can provide theoretical support for reducing the loss of rainstorm disaster.In this paper,the meteorological data of all stations in Guangxi from the long and short duration heavy rainfall dataset in China(1961-2015),combined with basic geographic information data and socio-economic data,the AHP-entropy method is used to weight various flood and water-logging factors,and the GIS technology is used to analyze and carry out the risk assessment of rainstorm and water-logging disasters in Guangxi.The results show that the areas with high risk account for about 9%of the whole region,and those with low risk account for about 15%.The rainstorm and flood risk in Guangxi is gradually decreasing from the southeast coast to the northwest inland.The reason is that the rainfall in southern China is heavy and the rainstorm lasts for a long time.Some urban areas are flat and low in altitude,and some areas are economically developed and densely populated,which cause heavy losses and increase the risk of flood disaster.This study can provide reference for decision making of rainstorm and flood disaster prevention and control in Guangxi.

关 键 词：洪涝灾害 风险评估 层次分析法 熵权法 广西 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]