过敏性鼻炎患者致病危险因素研究进展  

Research progress on pathogenic risk factors in patients with allergic rhinitis

作　　者：苏玢 SU Fen(Department of Otolaryngology,Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital,Tianjin 300140,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第四中心医院耳鼻喉科,天津300140

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2023年第9期13-15,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：过敏性鼻炎是耳鼻喉科比较常见的一种疾病,临床又称为变态反应性鼻炎,该病发生是由患者接触变应原后由IgE介导而出现的鼻黏膜非感染疾病,临床症状为鼻塞流涕、鼻痒等,该病属于慢性炎性反应性疾病。研究显示,近年来过敏性鼻炎发病率呈上升趋势,危害较大。目前临床并无治疗方法彻底根治该病,在患者发病期间给予患者针对性药物治疗,以缓解患者病情,故而过敏性鼻炎应以积极预防为主,减少疾病发生,避免对患者造成伤害。了解过敏性鼻炎患者致病的危险因素对积极预防该病具有重要价值及意义,而过敏性鼻炎的致病危险因素较为复杂,关于此研究报道较多。过敏性鼻炎患者的致病危险因素,主要包括遗传因素、空气污染因素、工作环境污染、吸烟、频繁呼吸道感染、大量应用抗生素、药物或者花粉过敏史等,根据该病致病危险因素进行针对性预防干预,有助于减少过敏性鼻炎的发生与复发,具有较高临床价值。本文综述了过敏性鼻炎致病危险因素的研究进展,以期为积极预防该病提供参考。Allergic rhinitis is a common disease in the department of otorhinolaryngology,which is also known as allergic reaction rhinitis in clinical practice.The occurrence of this disease is a non-infectious disease of nasal mucosa mediated by IgE after patients contact with allergens,and its clinical symptoms are nasal congestion,runny nose,nasal itching,etc.This disease belongs to the chronic inflammatory reaction disease.Studies show that the incidence of allergic rhinitis is on the rise in recent years,the harm is greater.At present,there is no treatment method to completely cure the disease in clinical practice.During the onset of the disease,specific drugs should be given to patients to relieve the patient's condition.Therefore,the active prevention should be given priority to allergic rhinitis,in order to reduce the occurrence of the disease and avoid harm to patients.Understanding the pathogenic risk factors of allergic rhinitis patients is of great value and significance to actively prevent the disease,while the pathogenic risk factors of allergic rhinitis are more complex,and there are many studies on this.The pathogenic risk factors of allergic rhinitis patients mainly includes genetic factors,air pollution factors,work environment pollution,smoking,frequent respiratory infections,extensive use of antibiotics,drugs or pollen allergy history,etc.Targeted prevention and intervention according to the pathogenic risk factors of the disease can help reduce the occurrence and recurrence of allergic rhinitis,which has higher clinical value.This article reviews the research progress of pathogenic risk factors of allergic rhinitis,in order to provide reference for the active prevention of the disease.

关 键 词：过敏性鼻炎 致病危险因素 复发 预防 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]