野生与养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分比较分析及营养价值评价  

Comparative analysis and nutritional value evaluation of muscle nutrient composition between wild and cultured Schizothorax chongi

作　　者：左鹏翔 金方彭 冷云 王志飞 吴俊颉 于虹漫[2] 邓育林 祖学鹏 李明辉 王建波 张星海 ZUO Pengxiang;JIN Fangpeng;LENG Yun;WANG Zhifei;WU Junjie;YU Hongman;DENG Yulin;ZU Xuepeng;LI Minghui;WANG Jianbo;ZHANG Xinghai(Yunnan Academy of Fishery Sciences,Kunming 650111,China;College of Agriculture and Biotechnology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Huaneng Long Kaikai Hydropower Co.,Ltd.,Heqing 671505,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省渔业科学研究院,昆明650111 [2]云南农业大学农学与生物技术学院,昆明650201 [3]华能龙开口水电有限公司,云南鹤庆671505

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第18期126-132,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：2022—2024年龙开口公司鱼类增殖站运行管理及增殖放流效果监测评估项目(LKK2022/P02-1)。

摘　　要：为了探索野生细鳞裂腹鱼与养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉营养成分及品质差异,以及全程投喂配合饲料对细鳞裂腹鱼在营养品质变化方面的影响,试验对野生与养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉进行了常规营养成分、矿物质元素、脂肪酸含量和氨基酸含量测定和营养价值评价。结果表明:养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中蛋白质含量和水分含量均略高于野生细鳞裂腹鱼,但差异不显著(P>0.05);养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中灰分含量显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量极显著高于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01)。养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中磷、铁、镁、铜和钾元素含量极显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01),锌、锰和钠元素含量极显著高于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01),钙含量显著高于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.05)。野生细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中共检测出13种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸3种、单不饱和脂肪酸3种、多不饱和脂肪酸7种;养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中共检测出9种脂肪酸,其中饱和脂肪酸3种,单不饱和脂肪酸3种、多不饱和脂肪酸3种;养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中和饱和脂肪酸含量极显著高于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01),单不饱和脂肪酸含量显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.05),多不饱和脂肪酸含量极显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01);野生与养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中含量最高的脂肪酸均为油酸。养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉中氨基酸总量和必需氨基酸含量均显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.05),非必需氨基酸含量和鲜味氨基酸含量极显著低于野生细鳞裂腹鱼(P<0.01)。FAO/WHO评分标准模式蛋白质中野生和养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉蛋氨酸+胱氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸+酪氨酸、缬氨酸含量,以及必需氨基酸总量均低于FAO/WHO评分标准模式蛋白质中必需氨基酸含量规定值和全鸡蛋蛋白质中必需氨基酸含量规定值,而野生和养殖细鳞裂腹鱼肌肉赖氨酸含量均高�In order to explore the differences in muscle nutrient composition and quality between wild and cultured Schizothorax chongi,as well as the effects of dietary compound feeding on the nutritional quality changes of Schizothorax chongi,the conventional nutrient composition,mineral elements,fatty acid contents and amino acid contents of muscles of wild and cultured schizothorax were determined and the nutritional value was evaluated.The results showed that the protein content and water content in the muscle of cultured Schizothorax chongi were not significantly different from those of wild Schizothorax chongi(P>0.05).The ash content in the muscle of cultured Schizothorax chongi was extremely significantly lower than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.01),and the crude fat content was significantly higher than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.05).The contents of phosphorus,iron,magnesium,copper and potassium in the muscle of cultured Schizothorax chongi were significantly lower than those of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.01);the contents of zinc,manganese and sodium were significantly higher than those of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.01),and the content of calcium was significantly higher than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.05).A total of 13 fatty acids were detected in the muscles of wild Schizothorax chongi,including 3 saturated fatty acids,3 monounsaturated fatty acids and 7 polyunsaturated fatty acids.A total of 9 fatty acids were detected in the muscle of cultured Schizothorax chongi,including 3 saturated fatty acids,3 monounsaturated fatty acids and 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.The content of neutral and saturated fatty acids in the muscle of cultured Schizothorax chongi was extremely significantly higher than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.01);the content of monounsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.05),and the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly lower than that of wild Schizothorax chongi(P<0.O1).Oleic acid was the high

关 键 词：细鳞裂腹鱼 肌肉 脂肪酸 氨基酸 矿物质 蛋白质 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]