不可逆量子矩形循环的功率、效率和有效功率分析与优化  

Analyses and optimizations of power,efficiency and efficient power of irreversible quantum rectangular cycle

作　　者：谢心怡 陈林根 殷勇 魏轩宇 杜元开 XIE Xin-yi;CHEN Lin-gen;YIN Yong;WEI Xuan-yu;DU Yuan-kai

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学光电信息与能源工程学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]武汉工程大学热科学与动力工程研究所,湖北武汉430205 [3]武汉工程大学机电工程学院,湖北武汉430205 [4]武汉工程大学材料科学与工程学院,湖北武汉430205

出　　处：《节能》2023年第9期34-38,共5页Energy Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(项目编号:52171317、51779262)。

摘　　要：应用有限时间热力学理论建立不可逆量子矩形循环模型,循环工质为无数个囚禁于一维无限深势阱中的极端相对论粒子。该循环由两个等势阱力过程、两个等势阱宽度过程组成,考虑工质与热源间的传热和高低温热源之间的热漏损失,导出循环的无量纲功率、热效率和有效功率的表达式,研究其最优性能。结果表明:无量纲功率与热效率的关系曲线呈扭叶形;量子矩形循环的最优工作区间处于最大功率和最高效率之间;随着热漏系数增大,热机的最优设计区间缩小;有效功率与热效率的关系曲线也呈扭叶形;热机在最大有效功率工作点的效率大于在最大功率工作点的效率。An irreversible quantum rectangular cycle model is established by applying finite-time thermodynamic theory,whose working substance consists of non-interacting extreme relativistic particles confined to a one-dimensional infinite potential well.The cycle consists of two equal-force of the potential well processes and two equal-width of the potential well processes.Considering the losses of heat transfer between two reservoir and working substance and heat leakage between hot and cold reservoirs,analytical expressions of dimensionless power,thermal efficiency and efficient power of the cycle are derived,and the optimal performances of the cycle are investigated.The results show that the relationship curve of dimensionless power about thermal efficiency is a loop-shaped curve.The optimal working region of the quantum rectangular cycle is between the maximum power and maximum efficiency.The optimal working region is smaller with the increase of heat leakage coefficient.The relationship curve of efficient power about thermal efficiency is also a loop-shaped curve,and the efficiency of the heat engine at the maximum efficient power point is larger than that at the maximum power point.

关 键 词：有限时间热力学 极端相对论 不可逆量子矩形循环 功率 效率 有效功率 性能优化 

分 类 号：O414[理学—理论物理]