志愿服务参与灾害救援的机制和路径研究——以A志愿组织在郑州特大暴雨救援过程中开展防汛救灾志愿服务行动为例  

Mechanisms and Pathways of Volunteerism in Disaster Relief Path Research:Taking a Volunteer Organization’s Flood Control and Disaster Relief Voluntary Service in the Rescue Process of the Extreme Rainstorm in Zhengzhou as an Example

作　　者：冉基玮 何广寿 Ran Jiwei;He Guangshou

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学政治与公共管理学院 [2]郑州市志愿服务联合会

出　　处：《中国志愿服务研究》2023年第1期46-66,M0004,M0005,共23页The Chinese Journal of Volunteering

摘　　要：21世纪以来,重大自然灾害、突发公共卫生事件等公共危机给国家和社会带来了巨大的风险和损失,也不断考验着我国的应急管理能力。在应对这些危机事件的过程中,志愿服务作为社会应急力量的重要组成部分,已逐渐成长为我国应急体系中一支不可或缺的重要力量。在2021年郑州特大暴雨灾害应对中,志愿服务发挥了贴近基层、组织灵活、行动迅速、便于展开等优势,取得了突出效果;但由于信息不对称、能力不足、缺乏协同等因素制约,也暴露出一定程度的无序、低效等问题。本文以A志愿组织在郑州特大暴雨救援过程中,团结联合社会力量协助政府开展防汛救灾行动为例,深入剖析志愿服务参与灾害应对过程中存在的主、客观方面的问题及其原因,并探索志愿服务有序、有效、规范参与灾害应对的机制和途径,以期助力我国构建政府主导、属地管理、配合有力、多方支持的志愿服务参与灾害救援的管理体系和服务保障体系。Since the 21st century,major natural disasters,public health emergencies and other public crises have caused huge risk and loss to the state and the society.In the process of managing these crises,voluntary service has gradually developed into an indispensable force of China’s emergency management system.In the management of the torrential rainstorm disaster of Zhengzhou in 2021,voluntary service showed many advantages such as close to the basic,fl exibly organized,rapidly-acting,easy to expand,and achieved outstanding results.However,due to the information asymmetry,the inadequate capability,the lack of coordination and other factors,it also revealed disorder and ineffi ciency to some extent.This paper takes A voluntary organization as example,deeply analyzes the subjective and objective problems as well as the causes when voluntary service participates in the management of disaster,exploring the mechanism and approach to make voluntary service ordered,aiming to assist our country build a government-led,locally-managed,strongly coordinated,multi-supported management and guarantee system to make voluntary service better participate in disaster relief.

关 键 词：志愿服务 灾害救援 志愿失灵 协同治理 

分 类 号：D632.9[政治法律—政治学] D632.5[政治法律—中外政治制度]