察隅河流域药用种子植物资源多样性研究  

Diversity of Medicinal Seed Plant Resources in ZayüRiver Basin

作　　者：谷文乾 张淑钧 杨欣欣 罗建 GU Wenqian;ZHANG Shujun;YANG Xinxin;LUO Jian(Institute of Plateau Ecology,Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry/Key Laboratory of Tibet Plateau Forest Ecology,Ministry of Education/National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station of Tibet Nyingchi Alpine Forest Ecosystem/Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security of Tibet Autonomous Region,Nyingchi,Tibet 860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所/西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室/西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站/西藏自治区高寒植被生态安全重点实验室,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2023年第9期1568-1578,共11页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项项目(2021FY100201);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK05020110);国家自然科学基金项目(31560054)。

摘　　要：为揭示西藏察隅河流域药用种子植物资源多样性特征及保护现状,采用线路和典型样地、样方套、野外标本采集等方法对该区药用种子植物进行了深入调查,对植物生活型、药用部位、药性、药味、药用功效、野生重点药用植物、区系成分等进行系统分析,为研究区药用种子植物的合理利用和科学管理提供理论依据和参考价值。结果表明,(1)察隅河流域药用种子植物共有114科427属846种(含变种),包含裸子植物4科8属14种,被子植物110科419属832种,单种科、寡种科和单种属、寡种属是研究区药用种子植物科和属水平上的主要构成部分。(2)生活型以草本类药用植物为主。(3)药用部位以全草、根及根茎类入药较多,分别占总种数的45.51%和44.21%。(4)温性药用植物占总种数的27.66%,居药性植物资源之首。(5)苦味类药用植物占总种数的61.94%,在药用植物药味中占比最高。(6)清热是察隅河流域药用种子植物的主要功效,占总种数的29.43%。(7)药用植物区系呈现热带成分向温带成分过渡的性质,分布类型复杂多样。研究表明,为提高对察隅河流域药用种子植物资源的利用效率,可以将草本类药用种子植物作为高原特色产业原材料开发利用的首选。In order to reveal the diversity characteristics and conservation status of medicinal seed plant resources in the ZayüRiver Basin of Tibet,we used the methods of route and typical plots,sample square sets,and field specimen collection to conduct in-depth investigation of medicinal seed plants in the area,and carried out systematic analysis on plant life forms,medicinal parts,medicinal properties,medicinal tastes,medicinal effects,wild key medicinal plants,and flora components,so as to provide theoretical basis and reference value for the rational utilization and scientific management of medicinal seed plants in the study area.The results showed that,(1)there were 846 species(including varieties)of medicinal seed plants in 114 families,427 genera,including 14 species in 8 genera in 4 families of gymnosperms,832 species in 419 genera in 110 families of angiosperms,and monofamily,oligophyllaceae,monophytes and oligophylls were the main components at the level of medicinal seed plants in the study area.(2)The life form was mainly herbaceous medicinal plants.(3)Whole herbs,roots and rhizomes were used in medicinal parts for medicinal purposes,accounting for 45.51%and 44.21%of the total number of species,respectively.(4)Warm medicinal plants accounted for 27.66%of the total number of species,ranking first among medicinal plant resources.(5)Bitter medicinal plants accounted for 61.94%of the total number of species,accounting for the highest proportion of medicinal plants.(6)Clearing heat was the main effect of medicinal seed plants in the ZayüRiver Basin,accounting for 29.43%of the total number of seeds.(7)The medicinal flora showed the nature of transition from tropical components to temperate components,and the distribution types were complex and diverse.The results show that in order to improve the utilization efficiency of medicinal seed plant resources in the ZayüRiver Basin,herbaceous medicinal seed plants can be used as the first choice for the development and utilization of raw materials for plateau character

关 键 词：察隅河流域 药用种子植物 多样性 可持续利用 

分 类 号：Q949.95[生物学—植物学]