内生型农业机械化服务市场的运行逻辑和动力机制——基于华北乡村农业发展案例的分析  

The Operation Logic and Dynamic Mechanism of Endogenous Agricultural Mechanization Service Market:A Case Study of Rural Agricultural Development in North China

作　　者：印子[1] YIN Zi

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2023年第5期24-43,共20页China Rural Survey

摘　　要：本文从家庭发展的视角解释内生型农业机械化服务市场的动力机制,呈现以小规模农业经营为主体的现代农业发展道路的独特性。内生型农业机械化服务市场的运行,主要依靠乡村社会内部资源来实现土地、劳动力与农业机械技术的有效结合,体现了具有中国特色的农业现代化发展路径。在家庭经营的范围内,农民乐于在乡村社会内投资农业机械的基本动力在于获得发展性家庭收益。在以家庭为本位的农民理性的驱动下,这种农业机械上的经营性投资呈现极强的保守性面向,使得内生型农业机械化服务市场在供给侧上具备一系列乡土特征。同时,为了获得更多市场机会和家庭发展能力,农民在农业收入并未显著增加的情况下也会选择接受农业机械化服务的成本。这为内生型农业机械化服务市场的维系提供了旺盛的社会需求。内生型农业机械化服务市场案例揭示了社会快速变迁中富有社会活力的小农韧性,凸显乡村社会家庭再生产中具有新时代意涵的农民理性。未来的“三农”政策需要更多考虑小规模农业的现代化,充分重视乡村社会内部有助于促进农业生产方式进步的社会基础因素。只有不断发挥农民在农业现代化过程中的主体性、能动性和积极性,推动小农户与现代农业发展在乡村社会内部的有机衔接,才能更好地促进乡村振兴和农民农村共同富裕。This paper explains the dynamic mechanism of endogenous agricultural mechanization service market from the perspective of family development,showing the uniqueness of modern agricultural development path with small-scale agricultural business as the main body.The operation of endogenous agricultural mechanization service market mainly relies on the internal resources of rural society to realize the effective combination of land,labor force,and agricultural machinery technology,which reflects the agricultural modernization development path with Chinese characteristics.Within the scope of family business,the basic driving force for farmers to invest in agricultural machinery in rural society is to obtain developmental household income.Driven by the family-oriented farmer rationality,this kind of operational investment in agricultural machinery presents a strong conservative orientation,which makes the endogenous agricultural mechanization service market have a series of local characteristics on the supply side.Meanwhile,in order to obtain more market opportunities and family development ability,farmers will also choose to accept the cost of agricultural mechanization service without significant increase in agricultural income,which provides a strong social demand to maintain endogenous agricultural mechanization service market.The case of endogenous agricultural mechanization service market reveals the resilience of smallholders full of social vitality in the process of rapid social changes,and highlights the farmer rationality with the essence of new era in the process of rural social family reproduction.Future“agriculture,rural areas,and farmers”policies need to give more consideration to the modernization of small-scale agriculture,and pay full attention to the social factors within rural society that help to promote the progress in agricultural production methods.Only by giving full play to the subjectivity,initiative and enthusiasm of farmers in the process of agricultural modernization,and promoting the o

关 键 词：农业机械化服务 家庭发展 农民理性 农业现代化 

分 类 号：F323.3[经济管理—产业经济] C912.82[社会学]