中外法权交涉中的内地开放问题(1919—1931)  

The Issue of Opening up Inland China During the Extraterritoriality Negotiations(1919-1931)

作　　者：吴文浩 Wu Wenhao

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院

出　　处：《近代史研究》2023年第5期115-127,M0004,共14页Modern Chinese History Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“蓝浦生使华时期资料整理、译介与研究”(21CZS078);国家社会科学基金重大项目“1912年至1937年日本驻华使领商务报告整理与研究”(20&ZD236)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1919—1931年的中外法权交涉中,列强试图使中国承认外侨内地杂居权与土地所有权。中国坚持领事裁判权与内地开放不能并存,将撤废列强领事裁判权作为内地开放的前提,并逐渐形成彻底废除不平等条约后,基于平等互惠原则自主依法开放内地的政策。该政策基本为英、美、比等国接受,唯遭到日本抵制,致使法权交涉功亏一篑。中国政府对内地开放的政策,是长期受不平等条约束缚及日本侵略威胁的结果,体现了对中外平等关系的追求及国家利益的争取。During the Sino-foreign extraterritoriality negotiations between 1919 and 1931,western countries attempted to force China to recognize the rights of foreigners to live in inland China and own land in China.For its part,the Chinese government argued that consular jurisdiction was inconsistent with the opening of inland China,insisting that abolishing consular jurisdiction of western countries in China was the precondition for opening inland China to the outside world.Specifically,the Chinese side agreed to open inland China on the basis of equality,reciprocity and legality after all the unequal treaties signed between China and the western countries were abolished.China's position was largely accepted by countries like the UK,the US and Belgium,although it was vehemently resisted by Japan.In the end,Japanese uncompromising position foretold the failure of China's efforts to abolish extraterritorial jurisdiction.China's position on opening the inland to the outside world was the function of China's long suffering from unequal treaties and the threats posed by Japan,demonstrating the efforts by the Chinese government to strike for equal relationship with foreign countries on the one hand and the protection of Chinese national interests on the other.

关 键 词：不平等条约 领事裁判权 中外交涉 内地开放 

分 类 号：D829[政治法律—政治学] K26[政治法律—外交学]