基于非线性相对运动方程的碰撞规避机动规划方法  

Collision Avoidance Maneuver Planning Based on Nonlinear Relative Motion Equations

作　　者：李佩钰 杨震[1,2] 罗亚中 LI Peiyu;YANG Zhen;LUO Yazhong(College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Planning and Simulation for Aerospace Missions,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073 [2]空天任务智能规划与仿真湖南省重点实验室,长沙410073

出　　处：《载人航天》2023年第5期581-589,共9页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11902347);载人航天工程科技创新团队资助;青年人才托举工程(2021-JCJQ-QT-047)。

摘　　要：针对空间目标数量急剧增加带来的航天器碰撞风险增加问题,提出基于解析非线性相对运动方程的碰撞规避机动规划方法。首先,基于航天器控前飞行轨迹的精密星历及相对运动坐标系下的解析非线性相对运动方程,建立控后飞行轨迹的快速构建方法;其次,利用两目标接近数值分析算法,基于等效距离指标对航天器控后飞行轨迹与已编目空间目标的碰撞风险进行快速评估;最后,以变轨时刻及半长轴控制量为优化变量,以总速度增量最小为目标函数,以控后飞行轨迹的接近距离大于给定门限值为约束条件,建立碰撞规避机动优化模型。通过对实际任务背景的算例分析表明,提出方法得到的碰撞规避机动方案可有效降低碰撞风险。In response to the increasing risk of spacecraft collisions caused by the significant in-crease in the number of space objects,a collision avoidance maneuver planning method based on the analytical nonlinear relative motion equations was proposed.First,a fast trajectory construction method for the post-maneuver flight was established by utilizing the precise ephemeris of spacecraft and the analytical nonlinear relative motion equations in the relative motion coordinate system.Then,based on the equivalent distance indicator,a numerical analysis algorithm was employed to e-valuate the collision risk between the post-maneuver flight trajectory and the cataloged space objects.In the end,with the time of maneuver and semi-major axis control being optimization variables and the minimum total velocity increment being the objective function,an optimization model for collision avoidance maneuver was formulated(constructed),which required the post-maneuver flight trajecto-ry’s proximity distance to be greater than a given threshold.The results demonstrated that the pro-posed method could provide effective collision avoidance maneuver strategies to reduce the collision risk.

关 键 词：轨道控制 机动规划 碰撞规避 非线性相对运动 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]