载人飞船返回舱外测高精度弹道计算与落点预报  

Precision Trajectory Calculation and Landing Point Forecast of External Height Measurement on Manned Spacecraft Re⁃entry Capsule

作　　者：段成林[1] 盛庆轩[1] 谢剑锋[1] 陈明[1] 徐海涛[1] 陈铭 慎千慧 DUAN Chenglin;SHENG Qingxuan;XIE Jianfeng;CHEN Ming;XU Haitao;CHEN Ming;SHEN Qianhui(Beijing Aerospace Control Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航天飞行控制中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2023年第5期646-652,共7页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(11973015)。

摘　　要：针对返回舱再入返回过程中外测弹道计算精度低、稳定性差的问题,仿真分析比较了单点定位、滤波方法和动态滑窗处理等多种外弹道计算方法的精度,提出了一种弹道加权融合计算的实时自动弹道优选方法。结果表明:动态滑窗处理方法精度最高,实时自动弹道优选方法可全程获取多测元跟踪条件下的最优弹道;返回舱外测弹道计算精度和稳定性有明显提高,外测弹道落点预报精度可达到百米量级,着陆时间偏差在1 min以内。In order to solve the problems of low accuracy and poor stability of external trajectory cal-culation in the process of re-entry module,the accuracy of many exterior trajectory calculation meth-ods such as single point positioning,filtering method and dynamic sliding window are simulated and compared.a real-time automatic trajectory optimization method based on trajectory weighted fusion calculation is proposed.The results show that the dynamic sliding window processing method has the highest accuracy,and the real-time automatic trajectory method can obtain the optimal trajectory un-der the condition of multi-element tracking;The calculation accuracy and stability of the exterior trajectory of the re-entry module have been obviously improved,the prediction accuracy of return cabin landing point can reach the order of 100 meters,and the deviation of landing time is within 1 min.

关 键 词：返回舱 外测弹道 动态滑窗 弹道优选 落点预报 

分 类 号：V557.5[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]