大宁河巫溪段水文变异归因及其环境流量组分变化分析  

Attribution of hydrological variability in the Wuxi section of the Daning River and analysis of its environmental flow component changes

作　　者：彭娟莹[1] 于子铖 付意成[3] PENG Juanying;YU Zicheng;FU Yicheng(Changsha Institute of Environmental Protection Technology,Changsha410004,Hunan,China;Hebei Engineering University,Handan056038,Hebei,China;China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing100038,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙环境保护职业技术学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]河北工程大学,河北邯郸056038 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2023年第9期86-98,共13页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：湖南省科技重大专项(2018SK1010);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401606,2016YFC0401408)。

摘　　要：【目的】为科学探究流域水文情势变化驱动因子,识别受损河流生态退化驱动机制,【方法】以长江一级支流大宁河为研究区域,基于巫溪水文站1972—2016年长序列水文、土地利用、水利工程建设等数据,利用过程线、一维动态豪斯道夫分维数、Mann-Kendall检验、有序聚类、滑动T检验、滑动秩和检验等数理统计方法进行变异点分析及确定,结合实地调研、查阅当地县志等资料,通过对降雨径流关系、土地利用类型时空变化、小水电建设特征要素的分析论证。【结果】明确了区域水文一致性在1983年、2005年发生变异,区域水文变异驱动因子为小水电的兴建及运行,2005年后新建的小水电可占区域小水电数量的68.23%;基于IHA软件定量分析变异前后环境流量组分变化,发现大洪水组分变化最为剧烈,现状(变异后)大洪水出现次数为0,月低流量组分变化较小,改变度均为超过25,【结论】从而为后续变化环境下水文-生态响应关系、以河湖生态复苏为导向的水资源调配与管理的相关研究提供理论支撑。[Objective]To scientifically explore the driving factors of hydrological regime change in the basin and identify the driving mechanism of ecological degradation of damaged rivers.[Methods]This paper takes the Daning River,a first-class tribu-tary of the Yangtze River,as the study area,based on the long series hydrology,land use,and water conservancy construction data from 1972 to 2016 at Wuxi hydrological station,and uses mathematical and statistical method such as process line,sliding t-test,one-dimensional dynamic Hausdorff fractional dimension,Mann-Kendall test,ordered clustering,and sliding rank sum test to analyze and determine the variation points,combined with field research.Through the analysis of rainfall-runoff relation-ships,spatial and temporal changes in land use types,and the characteristics of small hydropower construction.[Results]It is clear that the variation of regional hydrological consistency occurred in 1983 and 2005,and the driving factor of regional hydrolog-ical variation was the construction and operation of small hydropower.After 2005,the newly built small hydropower accounts for 68.23%of the total number of small hydropower in the region.Based on the quantitative analysis of environmental flow compo-nents before and after the variation,it is found that the major flood component has the most drastic change.The occurrence times of major flood in the current situation(after the variation)is 0,and the monthly low-flow component has little change,and the variation degree is more than 25%.[Conclusion]Therefore,it provides theoretical support for the research on the relationship between hydrology and ecological response under the subsequent changing environment and the allocation and management of water resources guided by the ecological recovery of rivers and lakes.

关 键 词：水文变异 驱动因子 流量组分 大宁河 小水电 土地利用 

分 类 号：P333[天文地球—水文科学]