65例中成药不良反应帕累托最优分析  

Pareto optimal analysis of 65 cases of adverse reactions induced by Chinese patent medicine

作　　者：张娇 何霞 童荣生 张玉方 王海艳 ZHANG Jiao;HE Xia;TONG Rong-sheng(Medical School of University of Electronic Science and Technology,Chengdu 610000,China;Pharmacy Department,Chongqing Red Cross Hospital(People’s Hospital of Jangbei District),Chongqing 400020,China)

机构地区：[1]电子科技大学医学院,成都610000 [2]重庆市红十字会医院(江北区人民医院)药学部,重庆400020

出　　处：《中国处方药》2023年第10期126-128,共3页Journal of China Prescription Drug

摘　　要：目的 调查中成药药品不良反应(adverse drug reaction,ADR)报告情况,为中成药合理使用提供参考。方法 选取医院2015年1月~2018年12月使用中成药所致的65例ADR报告,分别从患者年龄、给药途径、ADR类型、ADR累及器官/系统、ADR发生时间、合并用药情况、患者临床转归等进行帕累托(Pareto)最优分析。结果 年龄41岁及以上患者为ADR发生的主要因素(占78.46%),给药途径中静脉滴注为ADR发生的主要因素(占80.00%),ADR类型中“新的一般”的ADR为主要因素(占49.23%),ADR累及器官-系统中累及皮肤及其附件、消化系统、心血管系统的例数最多,为主要因素,三者占76.54%,ADR发生的时间以用药后15 min内为主(占55.10%),合并用药以1~5个为主(占50.00%),临床转归中好转为主要因素(占58.46%)。发生ADR排名前5位的中成药分别为——血必净注射液(占10.77%)、注射用血塞通(占7.69%)、喜炎平注射液(占7.69%)、舒血宁注射液(占7.69%)、注射用红花黄色素(占6.15%)。结论 中成药尤其是中药注射剂发生不良反应的因素众多,在应用时应减少合并用药,尤其是针对老年患者,应严格掌握药物的适应证及用药原则,用药时密切监测不良反应,保障中成药的安全应用。Objective To investigate the reports of adverse drug reaction(ADRs)induced by Chinese patent medicine,to provide a reference for rational use of it.Methods Totally 65 cases of ADRs induced by Chinese patent medicine occurred in a hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were selected,and Pareto optimal analysis was carried out from the age,route of administration,type of ADR,organ or system involvement of ADR,time of occurrence,drug combination and clinical outcome.Results Among 65 cases of ADR reports,patients age≥41 years old is the main factors(78.46%),the main route of administration causing ADR was intravenous(80.00%),the main ADR type was new and general ADR(49.23%),the clinical manifestations of ADR were skin and its accessories,digestive system and cardiovascular system,accounting for 76.54%.The occur time of ADR was usually with 15 minutes after the drug delivery(55.10%),drug combination was usually 1 to 5 drugs(50.00%),get better as the main factors in the clinical outcome(58.46%).Among 65 cases of ADR,the top five Chinese patent medicine,respectively was Xuebijing injection(10.77%),Xuesaitong injection(7.69%),Xiyanping injection(7.69%),Suxuening injection(7.69%)and Honghuahuangsesu injection(6.15%).Conclusion There are many factors of ADR about Chinese patent medicine,especially the traditional Chinese medicine injections,we should reduce drug combination when application,especially for the elderly,we should master the indications of drug and the drug’s using principle,and monitoring the ADR when taking drugs,protecting the safety application of Chinese patent medicine.

关 键 词：中成药 不良反应 中药注射剂 帕累托图分析 

分 类 号：R286[医药卫生—中药学]