生化抑制剂和浒苔多糖配施的稳定性尿素在黑土中的肥料效果  

Fertilization Effect of Stable Urea Formulated with Biochemical Inhibitors and Enteromorpha Polysaccharide in Black Soil

作　　者：张艺籍 李东坡[1,6] 肖富容 李永华 杜艳娣 薛妍[1] 宋玉超[1] 张可 张金明 崔永坤 ZHANG Yiji;LI Dongpo;XIAO Furong;LI Yonghua;DU Yandi;XUE Yan;SONG Yuchao;ZHANG Ke;ZHANG Jinming;CUI Yongkun(Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;North Huajin Chemical Industries Group Corporation,Panjin 124021,China;Agricultural Technology Extension Center of Chaoyang County,Chaoyang 122000,China;Jinxi Natural Gas Chemical Co.Ltd.,Huludao 125001,China;National Field Observation and Research the National Field Station of Agro-ecosystem,Shenyang 110107,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北方华锦化学工业集团有限公司,辽宁盘锦124021 [4]朝阳县农业技术推广中心,辽宁朝阳122000 [5]锦西天然气化工有限责任公司,辽宁葫芦岛125001 [6]辽宁沈阳农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,辽宁沈阳110107

出　　处：《华北农学报》2023年第5期139-147,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA28090200);国家自然科学基金项目(31971531);辽宁省揭榜挂帅项目(2021JH1/10400039-2)。

摘　　要：为提高传统稳定性尿素肥料的有效性,将生物刺激素浒苔多糖与生化抑制剂配合制成新型稳定性增效尿素肥料,采用田间盆栽试验探究其在黑土水稻种植中的施用效果,设置以不施氮肥(CK)、单独施用尿素肥料(N)为对照组,将浒苔多糖(E)、在尿素肥料中分别添加了N-丁基硫代磷酸三胺(NBPT)、3,4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐(DMPP)、2-氯-6-三甲基吡啶(CP)和浒苔多糖,共设置9个处理,研究其在黑土中的氮素转化特性、水稻植株生理和生物学、植物吸氮量和氮肥吸收利用效率等指标。结果表明,在黑土上栽培水稻,相比于单施尿素,浒苔多糖显著提高水稻分蘖期土壤铵态氮含量,促进水稻植株生长发育,显著提高籽粒产量、氮肥利用效率。浒苔多糖与NBPT具有协同增效作用,二者结合显著提高黑土铵态氮含量,但浒苔多糖施用促进了NBPT的分解,两者结合未对产量及氮肥利用效率造成显著影响。浒苔多糖与DMPP结合显著降低水稻籽粒产量、氮肥利用率,二者结合难以产生良好效果。CP与浒苔多糖结合处理在水稻分蘖期铵态氮含量最高,二者配合具有协同作用,黑土表观硝化速率显著低于CP处理,同时铵态氮的提高能促进水稻分蘖,增加成穗率,显著提高水稻的籽粒产量。In order to improve the use effect of ordinary stable urea fertilizer,develop biostimulant and biochemical inhibitor combined high-efficiency,stable and synergistic urea fertilizer.A field pot test was carried out to investigate the effect of urea fertilizer with the biological stimulator Enteromorpha polysaccharide and various biological inhibitors on rice cultivation in black soil.The control group in the experiment consisted of no nitrogen fertilizer(CK)and only urea fertilizer(N).In the treatment group,urea was supplemented with Enteromorpha polysaccharide(E),the biochemical inhibitor N-butyl thiophosphate triamine(NBPT),3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate(DMPP),and 2-chloro-6-trimethylpyridine(CP).Additionally,a combination of Enteromorpha polysaccharide and a biochemical inhibitor was also added to urea.Nine treatments were set up to study the nitrogen conversion characteristics,physiological and developmental biological indexes of rice,nitrogen uptake by plants,and efficiency of nitrogen absorption and utilization from fertilizers.When urea was applied alone,the addition of Enteromorpha polysaccharide reduced ammonia volatilization loss in black soil,significantly increased ammonium nitrogen content in soil at the tillering stage,promoted plant growth,and then significantly increased grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency.The combination of Enteromorpha polysaccharide and NBPT significantly increased ammonium nitrogen content in black soil,but the application of Enteromorpha polysaccharide promoted the decomposition of NBPT,resulting in no significant effect on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.In black soil cultivation rice,the combination of Enteromorpha prolifera polysaccharide and DMPP significantly reduced rice grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency,and the application of stable urea fertilizer combined with both was not conducive to yield increase and efficiency increase.The combination of tillering stage CP rice plants and Enteromorpha polysaccharides had the highest ammonium nitrogen content in b

关 键 词：黑土 水稻 生化抑制剂 生物刺激素 浒苔多糖 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学]