“杜诗入史”现象与早期杜诗学话语体系  

The Phenomenon of“Du Fu's Poems Entering History”and the Early Discourse System of Studies on Du Fu's Poetry

作　　者：吴夏平 WU Xiaping(School of Humanities,Shanghai Normal University,Shanghai 200234)

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学人文学院,上海200234

出　　处：《南京师大学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期150-160,共11页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“中古书籍制度文献整理及其与文学之关系研究”(21AZW006)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：两《唐书·杜甫传》、晚唐五代杂史及笔记小说,多将杜甫诗歌作为史料来源,由此形成“杜诗入史”现象。杜诗作为史源,体现三种不同使用倾向:正史关注诗人自叙个人经历之作,其对杜诗的择取行为隐含了史官塑造杜甫形象的基本立场;杂史偏好杜诗中的宫廷“秘闻”,反映了作者与诗人相通的“微而显”的史学意识;笔记小说多着眼于诗艺,由此展开对杜诗艺术的评论。前二者关注点虽有别,但都注重杜诗的历史性,后者则关注杜诗的艺术性。不同的用诗和论诗指向,形成以杜诗为核心的早期杜诗学话语体系。从史源角度看,早期“杜诗入史”现象以及由此形成的杜诗学话语体系,为重勘诗史关系,特别是省思“诗史互证”学术传统,提供了重要线索和例证。The two versions of Tangshu:Du Fu Zhuan《唐书·杜甫传》(Biographies of Du Fu in the Book of Tang),as well as miscellaneous history and notebook novels of the late Tang and Five Dynasties,often use Du Fu's poems as a source of historical data,resulting in the phenomenon of“Du Fu's poems entering history”.Du Fu's poetry,as a historical source,has been used in three different ways:the official history pays attention to the poet's self-narration of personal experiences,and their selection of Du Fu's poems implies the basic stance of historians in shaping the image of Du Fu;the preference for the“secret stories”of the imperial court in Du Fu's poetry in miscellaneous history and notebook novels reflects the authors'“subtle but obvious”historical consciousness that has affinity with the poet;notebook novels often focus on the poetic art,thus launching a commentary on Du Fu's poetic accomplishment.Despite their different concerns,the first two schools both focus on the historicity of Du Fu's poetry,while the third one focuses on the artistry of Du Fu's poetry.The different directions in using and discussing poems form an early discourse system of the studies on Du Fu with his poetry as the core.From the perspective of historical sources,the early phenomenon of“Du Fu's poems entering history”and the resulted discourse system of the studies on Du Fu's poetry provide important clues and examples for re-exploring the relationship between poetry and history,especially for reflecting upon the academic tradition of“mutual verification between poetry and history”.

关 键 词：杜诗入史 杜诗学 话语体系 史源学方法 学术史意义 

分 类 号：I207.22[文学—中国文学]