弹性桨-轴系统建模与计算方法研究  

Investigation on the modelling and computational algorithm for fluid-structure interactions of propeller-shafting systems

作　　者：李家盛 张正艺[1,2] 华宏星 LI Jiasheng;ZHANG Zhengyi;HUA Hongxing(School of Naval Architecture&Ocean Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Data Techniques and Supporting Software for Ships(DTSSS),Wuhan 430074,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Naval Architecture&Ocean Engineering Hydrodynamics,Wuhan 430074,China;State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学船舶与海洋工程学院,武汉430074 [2]船舶数据技术与支撑软件湖北省工程研究中心,武汉430074 [3]船舶和海洋水动力湖北省重点实验室,武汉430074 [4]上海交通大学机械系统与振动国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2023年第20期30-39,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52001130,11922208,51839005);华中科技大学自主创新研究基金(2019kfyXJJS005);湖北省技术创新专项重大项目(2019AAA041)。

摘　　要：弹性桨-轴与流体产生的双向流固耦合效应,显著改变了推进系统振动性能。现有研究分别针对桨叶和转轴弹性采用分离模型进行,即:流体-弹性桨与流体-刚体桨-弹性轴模型。而在实际工况中,转轴由于发生振动,使弹性桨入流条件与忽略轴系振动时的差异很大;另一方面,现有分离模型在预报时,是基于流体在桨叶振动平衡位置处界面力学关系开展的,未能真实反映流体在振动桨叶物理表面行为特征,难以满足桨-轴系统振动特性准确预报的现实需求。该研究拟针对流体-弹性桨-轴复杂系统双向流固耦合问题,基于精确的振动桨叶表面流体界面力学关系,建立弹性桨-轴双向流固耦合一体化模型并发展一套高效高精度稳定数值算法。结果表明,船舶研究者需建立流体-弹性桨-轴一体化模型,以重新评估附加质量/阻尼及轴承处激励力。建立的模型与算法和得到的结果可为低速水下航行器声振性能设计和评价提供理论和技术支持。The interaction between the propeller-shafting system and the fluid around the propeller may significantly affect the dynamic performance of the propulsion system.The traditional methods for investigating this phenomenon are based on the uncoupled fluid-propeller(elastic vibration)/fluid-propeller(six degrees rigid body oscillation)-shafting models,which consider the elasticities of the blades and shaft separately.Since the propeller is attached to the elastic shafting system,the elastic behavior of the shafting system may affect the incoming flows.In addition,previous uncoupled analyses pertaining to this problem were based on the interface conditions of the fluid and the structure,which are imposed on the undeformed blade surface.It is difficult to capture the dynamic behavior of the fluid on the physical surface of the vibrating blades.The vibration characteristics of the propeller-shafting system cannot be accurately predicted by this method.Based on the boundary condition on the fluid-structure interface of the vibrating blades,numerical models are established for two-way strongly coupled fluid-structure interaction analysis of the propeller-shafting system.A stable algorithm of high efficiency and accuracy is developed to study the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of the fluid-propeller-shafting coupled system.It is found that the designers need to consider the elastic coupling effect between the shaft and the propeller for re-evaluation of additional mass/damping and excitation forces at bearings.The developed methods and the results may provide effective theoretical reference and technical support for the design and evaluation of the vibration characteristics of low-speed underwater vehicles.

关 键 词：流固耦合/水弹性 振动 螺旋桨-轴系统 有限元法 面元法/边界元法 

分 类 号：O323[理学—一般力学与力学基础]