2016-2021年深圳市罗湖区美容美发场所健康危害因素分析  

Analysis of health risk factors in barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district of Shenzhen,China,2016-2021

作　　者：史蓉婕 黄振翔 王礼法[1] 叶小莉 季佳佳[2] SHI Rong-jie;HUANG Zhen-xiang;WANG Li-fa;YE Xiao-li;JI Jia-jia(Luohu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shenzhen 518020,China;Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]深圳市罗湖区疾病预防控制中心,深圳518020 [2]深圳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第10期752-756,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：深圳市罗湖区软科学研究计划项目(LX20200303)。

摘　　要：目的了解深圳市罗湖区美容美发类场所的卫生状况及可能存在的健康危害因素。方法按照《公共场所卫生检验方法》(GB/T 18204-2013)采集罗湖辖区内226间次美容美发场所的空气及公共用品用具样品,并对其进行检测和分析;依据《公共场所卫生指标及限值要求》(GB 37488-2019)和《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095-2012)对各项指标进行评价。结果2016—2021年深圳市罗湖区美容美发类场所总合格率为75.86%。空气质量监测结果显示,甲醛、氨、PM_(2.5)(室内)、PM_(10)(室内)、PM_(2.5)(室外)和PM_(10)(室外)质量浓度中位数分别为0.043 mg/m^(3)、0.065 mg/m^(3)、44.83μg/m^(3)、68.00μg/m^(3)、49.00μg/m^(3)和55.50μg/m^(3);室外PM_(10)浓度低于室内(Z=-2.77,P<0.01),室内外PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)呈现正相关关系(r_(s)分别为0.689和0.664,P<0.01);夏季甲醛合格率低于冬季(P<0.05)。公共用品用具监测中以毛巾pH值(79.77%)、美容面盆大肠菌群(85.40%)、美容面盆菌落总数(87.23%)的合格率较低。手部真菌检出率为6.70%,手部真菌总数范围为0~70 CFU/cm^(2)。结论罗湖区美容美发场所卫生状况仍有一定的提升空间,公共用品用具卫生质量仍需引起重视,应开展针对性的卫生监督工作。Objective To investigate the sanitary condition of barbershops and beauty salons and their possible health risk factors in Luohu district of Shenzhen,China.Methods According to the Examination Method for Public Places(GB/T 18204-2013),the samples of air and public articles were collected from 226 barbershops and beauty salons and were then examined and analyzed,and each index was evaluated according to the Hygienic Indicators and Limits for Public Places(GB 37488-2019)and the Ambient Air Quality Standard(GB 3095-2012).Results The overall qualified rate of barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district of Shenzhen was 75.86%.Air quality monitoring showed that the median concentration values of formaldehyde,ammonia,indoor PM_(2.5),indoor PM_(10),outdoor PM_(2.5),and outdoor PM_(10)were 0.043 mg/m^(3)、0.065 mg/m^(3)、44.83μg/m^(3)、68.00μg/m^(3)、49.00μg/m^(3)and 55.50μg/m^(3),respectively.The concentration of outdoor PM_(10)was lower than that of indoor PM_(10)(Z=-2.77,P<0.01),and there was a significant positive correlation between indoor/outdoor PM_(10)and PM_(2.5)(r_(s)were 0.689 and 0.664,respectively,P<0.01).The qualified rate of formaldehyde in summer was lower than that in winter(P<0.05).As for the monitoring of public articles,towel pH,coliform group on beauty basin,and total bacterial count on beauty basin had relatively low qualified rates of 79.77%,85.40%,and 87.23%,respectively.The detection rate of hand fungi was 6.70%,with a range of 0-70 CFU/cm^(2).Conclusion There is still certain room for improvement in the sanitary condition of barbershops and beauty salons in Luohu district,and the sanitary quality of public articles should be taken seriously,which requires targeted health education.

关 键 词：美容美发场所 室内空气质量 公共用品 监测 

分 类 号：R12[医药卫生—环境卫生学]