饮用水中高毒性卤代硝基甲烷、卤乙腈和卤代乙酰胺的污染状况  

Contamination status of highly toxic halonitromethanes,haloacetonitriles,and haloacetamides in drinking water

作　　者：杜卓融 付淼淼 蔡允诺 张昭昭 梁晓军[3] 张增利[1] 李加付 DU Zhuo-rong;FU Miao-miao;CAI Yun-nuo;ZHANG Zhao-zhao;LIANG Xiao-jun;ZHANG Zeng-li;LI Jia-fu(School of Public Health,Soochow University,Suzhou 215000,China;Beijing Urban Construction Group Co.,Ltd;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Kunshan)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学苏州医学院公共卫生学院,苏州215000 [2]北京城建集团有限责任公司 [3]昆山市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2023年第10期770-777,共8页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：江苏省青年科学基金(BK20210737);中国博士后面上基金(2022M713301);苏州市重大疾病预防控制基金(GWZX202204);苏州大学大学生课外学术科研基金项目(KY2023094A,KY2023480B)。

摘　　要：与受管制的饮用水消毒副产物(DBPs)相比,含氮消毒副产物(N-DBPs)凭借其更为显著的毒性受到越来越多的研究人员的关注。环境污染及饮用水消毒工艺的改进,都可能使N-DBPs的发生增加。本文综述了卤代硝基甲烷(HNMs)、卤乙腈(HANs)和卤代乙酰胺(HAMs)这三类典型卤代N-DBPs在全球部分城市的浓度。在全球范围内,HNMs、HANs和HAMs的浓度范围分别是0.1~2.9μg/L,0.6~4.3μg/L和0.2~3.5μg/L。浓度分布表现为HANs(2.6μg/L)>HAMs(1.5μg/L)>HNMs(1.1μg/L)。在中国,HANs的浓度表现出了较高的水平,平均浓度达到了3.6μg/L,明显高于美国(2.1μg/L)和欧洲等地区(1.6μg/L),这值得研究人员进一步关注。水的消毒与处理工艺对于N-DBPs的浓度具有复杂多变的影响,终端控制策略能够有效降低通过饮用水进入人体的N-DBPs浓度,进而降低N-DBPs对于人类健康的威胁。Nitrogen-containing disinfection by-products(N-DBPs)have attracted increasing attention due to their significantly higher toxicity compared with regulated disinfection by-products in drinking water.Environmental pollution and the improvement of drinking water disinfection technology may increase the occurrence of N-DBPs in drinking water.This paper reviews the three typical halogenated N-DBPs concentrations of halonitromethanes(HNMs),haloacetonitriles(HANs),and haloacetamides(HAMs)in drinking water in some cities around the world.Globally,the concentrations of HNMs,HANs,and HAMs ranged from 0.1~2.9μg/L,0.6~4.3μg/L,and 0.2~3.5μg/L,respectively,and the concentrations showed the order of HANs(2.6μg/L)>HAMs(1.5μg/L)>HNMs(1.1μg/L).In China,the average concentration of HANs was 3.6μg/L,which was significantly higher than that in the United States(2.1μg/L)and Europe(1.6μg/L),which deserves further attention.Water disinfection and treatment processes have complex and variable effects on the concentrations of N-DBPs.Terminal control strategies can effectively reduce the concentrations of N-DBPs in the human body through drinking water,thereby reducing the threat of N-DBPs to human health.

关 键 词：饮用水 含氮消毒副产物 卤代硝基甲烷 卤乙腈 卤代乙酰胺 

分 类 号：R123[医药卫生—环境卫生学]