短轮伐期桉树人工林土壤入渗过程模拟与变化特征  

Simulation and change characteristics of soil infiltration process during the short rotation of eucalyptus plantation

作　　者：潘天森 赵明全 郭天雷[2] 黄幼 邓羽松 黄钰涵 PAN Tiansen;ZHAO Mingquan;GUO Tianlei;HUANG You;DENG Yusong;HUANG Yuhan(Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory for Cultivation and Utilization of Subtropical Forest Plantation,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,530004,Nanning,China;Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,430014,Wuhan,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,广西高校亚热带人工林培育与利用重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]长江水利委员会长江科学院,武汉430014

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2023年第5期129-137,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：广西自然科学基金“不同林龄人工林根系生物量与土壤优先流关系的定量研究”(2021GXNSFBA196020);广西科技基地和人才专项基金“峰丛洼地石漠化治理区不同生物措施对土壤入渗性能的影响机制研究”(桂科AD22035032)。

摘　　要：中国南亚热带地区桉树种植面积广且轮伐期短,研究短轮伐期内土壤入渗能力的变化对探究水文循环与水土保持效益具有重要意义。以广西东门国有林场桉树人工林为研究对象,据轮伐期选择4个不同林龄(1、2、3和5 a)的尾巨桉第一代植苗林,测量3个土层(0~20、20~40和40~60 cm)的土壤理化性质和入渗过程。结果表明:1)随林龄的增大,在0~20、20~40 cm土层,入渗能力呈“降低—升高—降低”的规律变化;而在40~60 cm土层呈“升高—降低—升高”的规律变化。2)初始入渗率、稳定入渗率以及累积入渗量均与土层深度、土壤密度呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),与孔隙度和有机质呈极显著正相关(P<0.01)。3)Horton模型和通用经验模型对桉树人工林的土壤入渗过程拟合较好。综上,短轮伐期内尾巨桉人工林土壤孔隙度、密度和有机质含量变化导致浅层土壤(0~20 cm)的入渗能力整体降低,深层土壤(20~40、40~60 cm)的入渗能力整体升高。[Background]Soil infiltration is an important process of forest water cycle.The plantation is an essential part of forests,and the change of soil infiltration capacity of plantation soil indicates the change of benefits on soil and water conservation.Because of the wide planting areas and short rotation of eucalyptus plantations in the southern subtropical area in China,soil infiltration capacities changing with forest age is meaningful to study the change of benefits on soil and water conservation and the hydrological cycle.[Methods]Our study focused on the plantation(Eucalyptus urophylla×E.grandis)in the State-owned Dongmen Forest Farm in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China.According to the rotation of eucalyptus plantation,four first generation eucalyptus plantations with differently forest ages(1,2,3,and 5 a)were selected for measuring the physical and chemical properties of soil particle size,soil bulk density,soil porosity,soil organic matter,and soil aggregate groups in three soil layers of 0-20,20-40 and 40-60 cm.The soil infiltration rate was measured by the cutting ring method with variable water head and the soil infiltration process was fitted by four common models.[Results]1)As the forest age increasing,the soil bulk density of four eucalyptus plantations ranged from 1.03 to 1.38 g/cm^(3)with a fluctuant increase trend.The soil total porosities of four eucalyptus plantations ranged from 47.84%to 60.96%with a fluctuant decrease trend and the soil organic matter content of foureucalyptus plantations ranged from 8.94 to 29.06 g/kg with a fluctuant increase trend,as the forest age increasing.2)Initial infiltration rate,stable infiltration rate,and cumulative infiltration had the significantly negative correlations with soil depth and soil bulk density(P<0.01),while these parameters had the significantly positive correlations with soil porosity and soil organic matter(P<0.01).Soil infiltration capacity at 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layer had a changing trend of first rising and then decreasing with

关 键 词：桉树人工林 入渗过程 模型 特征参数 林龄 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]