数字经济对地区就业的影响研究:基于总量与结构的视角  

Impact of Digital Economy on Regional Employment:From Quantity and Structure of Employment

作　　者：刘儒 马铭钊 LIU Ru;MA Mingzhao(School of Marxism,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an Shaanxi 710049)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学马克思主义学院,陕西西安710049

出　　处：《经济纵横》2023年第9期94-102,共9页Economic Review Journal

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“社会主要矛盾变化背景下人民美好生活需要的内涵研究”(编号:18JZD010)的成果。

摘　　要：基于2007—2020年中国省际面板数据,考察了数字经济发展对地区就业总量和结构的影响。研究发现:数字经济发展及其生产、流通、交换三种发生形式对地区就业量增加和结构改善均具有显著正向促进作用;数字经济对就业的影响具有一定异质性,对东部地区就业的影响主要表现为促进就业量增加,对西部地区就业的影响主要表现为就业结构改善,数字经济流通对就业结构和就业总量的正向影响最显著,而数字经济交换对地区就业的作用最小;产业结构升级和人力资本提升在数字经济助力地区就业结构改善中发挥了显著的中介作用。为加大数字经济对促进地区就业的影响,应充分利用数字经济发展实现稳就业、保民生,加大数字经济基础设施投入,加快重点领域研发和建设,保障数据要素知识产权和数据隐私;各地区应根据自身情况发展不同形式的数字经济,经济发展水平较高的地区应将资源重点集中在数字经济生产领域,经济水平较低的地区应着重发展数字经济流通;要着重培养数字技术人才,提升劳动力数字技术素养。With the panel data of provinces in China from 2007 to 2020,this study examined the impacts of digital economy on the quantity and structure of regional employment.The development and the three elements(production,circulation,and exchange)of digital economy had positive effects on the quantity and structure of regional employment.The digital economy exerted heterogeneous effects on employment.Specifically,it increased the quantity of employment in eastern China and improved the structure of employment in western China.The circulation of digital economy had the most significant positive effects on the quantity and structure of employment,while the exchange of digital economy had the weakest effect on regional employment.The upgrading of industrial structure and the increase in human capital played an intermediary role in the improvement of regional employment by the digital economy.To fulfill the positive impact of the digital economy on regional employment,it is necessary to fully leverage the development of digital economy to stabilize employment and ensure people’s livelihoods.Measures should be taken to increase the investment in digital economy infrastructure,accelerate research and development in key areas,and ensure intellectual property rights and data privacy of data.Each region should develop the digital economy according to local conditions.The regions with high economic levels should concentrate their resources on the production,while the underdeveloped regions should focus on the circulation of digital economy.In addition,talents with the literacy of digital technology literacy should be fostered.

关 键 词：数字经济 就业总量 就业结构 稳就业 

分 类 号：F49[经济管理—产业经济]