美欧对俄货币制裁及人民币国际化在俄罗斯的新发展  

The US and Europe's Monetary Sanctions on Russia and the New Development of RMB Internationalization in Russia

作　　者：许文鸿[1] Xu Wenhong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所

出　　处：《俄罗斯东欧中亚研究》2023年第5期17-38,162,163,共24页Russian，East European & Central Asian Studies

基　　金：中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所2022~2027年创新工程项目“俄罗斯经济发展道路与中俄经贸合作”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄乌冲突爆发后,美欧及其盟友对俄罗斯实施了全方位制裁,其中货币制裁对俄罗斯的打击最为直接。美欧限制俄罗斯使用作为国际货币的美元和欧元使俄罗斯面临前所未有的货币困局。在此背景下,人民币国际化在俄罗斯取得了新的进展,人民币不仅在俄罗斯对外贸易、投资和外汇交易中的地位迅速提高,在与巴西、印度等国的商品交易中俄罗斯也选择使用人民币,充分体现出人民币在发展中国家的潜力和前景。同时,俄罗斯将五种主要国际货币中的其他四种货币逐一从其外汇储备中清除出去,不断增加人民币比重,使人民币在俄罗斯外汇储备中的地位有了极大提高。人民币在俄罗斯经济中的地位超过美元,这是俄罗斯“向东转”战略的具体体现,是全球范围内“去美元化”进程的新进展,是国际金融秩序变革的新动向,也是影响国际战略格局的重大举措及百年未有之大变局的生动案例。After Russia-Ukraine conflict,the US,Europe and their allies imposed all-round sanctions on Russia,among which monetary sanctions hit Russia most directly.Restricting the use of USD and EUR has made Russia face an unprecedented monetary dilemma.In this context,RMB internationalization has made new progress in Russia.Not only has the position of RMB increased rapidly in Russia's foreign trade,investment and foreign exchange transactions,but Russia also chooses to use RMB in its commodity transactions with Brazil,India and other countries,which fully reflects the potential and prospects of RMB in developing countries.Russia has eliminated the other four of the five major international currencies from its foreign exchange reserves one by one,increasing the proportion of RMB,and the status of RMB in Russia's foreign exchange reserves has been greatly improved.The position of RMB in Russia's economy exceeds that of USD,which is a concrete embodiment of Russia's strategy of“pivot east”,a new progress in the process of global“de-dollarization”,a new trend in the reform of the international financial order,a major measure affecting the international strategic pattern and a vivid case of“profound changes unseen in a century”.

关 键 词：俄乌冲突 金融制裁 货币制裁 美元霸权 “去美元化” 人民币国际化 

分 类 号：F821[经济管理—财政学] F832.6