某三甲医院医务人员血源性职业暴露调查  

Investigation of blood-borne occupational exposure among health care workers in a grade A tertiary hospital

作　　者：阙蜜 袁巧[1] QUE Mi;YUAN Qiao(Department of Hospital-Acquired Infection Control,the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing City,400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属第一医院医院感染管理科,重庆400016

出　　处：《蛇志》2023年第3期367-370,共4页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：目的了解重庆某三甲综合性医院医务人员发生血源性职业暴露的现况,分析危险因素、探讨预防措施。方法采用回顾性调查,收集分析2019年1月1日至2021年12月31日血源性职业暴露事件。结果在362名血源性职业暴露事件中,以护理人员(37.85%,137/362)、学生(32.87%,119/362)为主;工作年限在5年及以下的医务人员(76.25%,276/362)多见;职业暴露方式以锐器伤为主(75.69%,274/362),手术(缝合/切开)是最常见的暴露环节;锐器伤的暴露部位以手部为主,皮肤及黏膜接触的暴露部位以眼部、手部为主。本次调查最常见的暴露源病原体为乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)。结论加强职业安全培训、遵守操作规范、加强医疗废物管理、接种乙肝疫苗等可降低暴露风险。Objective To investigate the situation of blood-borne occupational exposure among health care workers(HCWs)in a grade A tertiary general hospital in Chongqing city,analyze the risk factors so as to take practical preventive measures.Methods Retrospective analysis was used to collect and analyze blood-borne occupational exposure events from 2019 to 2021.Results In total of 362 cases of occupational exposure incidents,37.85%(137/362)were nurses,32.87%(119/362)medical students.76.25%(276/362)occurred among HCWs whose working age less than 5 years;Sharp injury was the main contact manner(75.69%,274/362),and the major exposure opportunite was surgical suturing,hands were the main contact parts of sharp injuries,the major contact parts of skin and mucous membrane exposures were hands and eyes,the main pathogen that caused blood-borne occupational exposure was hepatitis B virus(HBV).Conclusion In addition to providing occupational exposure protection training,such as standardising the relevant operational procedures,strengthening the managerment of medical waste disposal,and vaccination against hepatitis B should also be considered to reduce the risk of occupational exposure.

关 键 词：医务人员 血源性职业暴露 回顾性分析 危险因素 预防措施 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]