不同右美托咪定剂量对择期腹腔镜妇科手术患者术后恶心、呕吐的预防价值研究  

Value of Different Doses of Dexmedetomidine in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Elective Laparoscopic Gynecological Surgery

作　　者：周少宇 谭霞玲 ZHOU Shaoyu;TAN Xialing(Department of Anesthesiology,Zhaoqing Second People's Hospital,Zhaoqing,Guangdong Province,526060 China)

机构地区：[1]广东省肇庆市第二人民医院麻醉科,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《世界复合医学》2023年第7期145-147,151,共4页World Journal of Complex Medicine

摘　　要：目的 研究不同剂量右美托咪定(dexmedetomidine, DEX)对择期腹腔镜妇科手术患者术后恶心、呕吐的预防价值。方法选取2022年4月—2023年4月广东省肇庆市第二人民医院收治的80例腹腔镜妇科手术患者为研究对象,根据给药剂量分为3组,A组27例(0.2μg/kg),B组27例(0.4μg/kg),C组26例(0.8μg/kg),比较3组手术相关指标。结果 3组麻醉时间、手术时间、苏醒时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1、12、24 h,A组恶心、呕吐发生率高于C组和B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后24 h,3组视觉模拟评分(Visual Analogue Scale, VAS)均低于术后1、12 h,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组术后24 h不良反应总发生率(14.81%)低于B组和C组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.510,P<0.05)。结论 将不同剂量的DEX应用于腹腔镜妇科手术患者,对手术相关指标无影响,0.4μg/kg剂量的DEX用于预防术后恶心呕吐的发生率效果更佳,可以有效镇痛,但是剂量越高不良反应越多,因此临床中需结合患者身体状况和腹腔镜手术种类,来确定药物的用量。Objective To study the preventive value of dexmedetomidine(DEX)at different doses on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic gynecological surgery.Methods 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province from April 2022 to April 2023 were selected and divided into three groups based on the dosage of medication.Group A had 27 patients(0.2%μg/kg),group B 27 cases(0.4μg/kg),group C 26 cases(0.8μg/kg),compared the surgical related indicators in three groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in anesthesia time,surgical time,and recovery time among the three groups(P>0.05).At 1 h,12 h,and 24 h after surgery,the incidence of nausea and vomiting in group A was higher than that in group C and group B,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At 24 h after surgery,the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores of all three groups were lower than those at 1 h and 12 h after surgery of the three groups,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total incidence of adverse reactions 24 h after surgery in group A(14.81%)was lower than that in group B and group C,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=6.510,P<0.05).Conclusion Different doses of DEX applied to patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery have no effect on surgery-related indicators,and 0.4μg/kg dose of DEX is more effective in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting,which can effectively relieve pain.However,the higher the dose,the more adverse reactions,so it is necessary to determine the dosage of drugs according to the patient's physical condition and the type of laparoscopic surgery.

关 键 词：右美托咪定 不同剂量 腹腔镜妇科手术 恶心呕吐 

分 类 号：R614[医药卫生—麻醉学]