五大城市群高等教育发展规模、层次及其经济效应的比较研究——基于2000—2019 年数据的实证分析  

A Comparative Study of the Scale,Level,and Economic Effects of Higher Education Development in the Five Major Urban Agglomerations

作　　者：赵文学 ZHAO Wenxue(Institute of Higher Education,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200333)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200333

出　　处：《现代教育论丛》2023年第5期100-112,共13页Modern Education Review

摘　　要：通过对《中国城市统计年鉴》《中国统计年鉴》及教育部官网2000—2019年相关数据的整理分析发现,我国五大城市群高等教育均呈现规模迅速扩张、布局趋于均衡、层次有所提升的发展样态。但也存在明显差异:从相对规模来看,每十万人在校大学生数由高到低依次为:珠三角、长三角、长江中游、京津冀、成渝;从学位层次结构来看,教育综合指数由高到低依次为:京津冀、长三角、成渝、长江中游、珠三角。实证分析结果显示:高等教育规模扩张和学位层次提升有利于促进区域经济增长,但均存在“拐点”。珠三角和长三角高等教育相对规模已经超过了拐点,所有城市群教育综合指数处于拐点左侧。京津冀应重视区域内高等教育协调发展,长三角和珠三角可通过大力发展研究生教育提升高等教育层次,成渝和长江中游应重点巩固本专科教育,继续扩大高等教育规模。Through the organization and analysis of relevant data from the“China Urban Statistical Yearbook”,“China Statistical Yearbook”,and the official website of the Ministry of Education from 2000 to 2019,it is found that higher education in thefive major urban agglomerations in China has shown a rapid expansion in scale,a balanced layout,and an improved level of development.But there are also significant differences:in terms of relative scale,the order of the number of college students per 100000 people in school is from high to low:Pearl River Delta,Yangtze River Delta,middle reaches of the Yangtze River,Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Chengdu-Chongqing;From the perspective of degree hierarchy,the education comprehensive index is ranked in descending order:Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta,Chengdu-Chongqing,middle reaches of the Yangtze River,and Pearl River Delta.The empirical analysis results show that the expansion of higher education scale and the improvement of degree levels are conducive to promoting regional economic growth,but both have“turning points”.The relative scale of higher education in the Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta has exceeded the turning point,and the comprehensive education index of all urban agglomerations is still on the left side of the turning point.The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should attach importance to the coordinated development of higher education within the region.The Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta can vigorously develop graduate education to enhance the level of higher education.Chengdu-Chongqing and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River should focus on consolidating undergraduate and vocational education and continuing to expand the scale of higher education.

关 键 词：五大城市群 高等教育规模 高等教育学位层次 教育综合指数 经济效应 

分 类 号：G646[文化科学—高等教育学]