沙棘林密度和丛枝菌根真菌接种对林下植物和土壤性状的影响  被引量:9

Effects of Planting Density of Hippophae rhamnoides and Inoculation of AMF on Understory Vegetation Growth and Soil Improvement

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作  者:王晓 毕银丽[1,2] 王义 田野[1] 李强 杜昕鹏[1] 郭芸 Wang Xiao;Bi Yinli;Wang Yi;Tian Ye;Li Qiang;Du Xinpeng;Guo Yun(State Key Laboratory for Fine Exploration and Intelligent Development of Coal Resources,China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing),Beijing 100083;College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054;CHN Energy Shenhua Shendong Coal Group Co.,Ltd,Shenmu 719300)

机构地区:[1]中国矿业大学(北京)煤炭精细勘探与智能开发全国重点实验室,北京100083 [2]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [3]神华神东煤炭集团有限公司,神木719300

出  处:《林业科学》2023年第10期138-149,共12页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基  金:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFF1303303)。

摘  要:【目的】在我国干旱半干旱地区采煤沉陷区的生态修复区,分析不同沙棘种植密度和接种丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)及其交互作用对林下植物和土壤性状的影响,探究最佳人工生态修复方式。【方法】本研究以陕西省神木市大柳塔镇微生物复垦区种植的不同密度沙棘林(L:835 tree·hm^(-2);M:1111 tree·hm^(-2);H:1667 tree·hm^(-2))为研究对象,布设接菌区和对照区处理,以无人工干预的自然恢复区为完全对照,总样地大小为8400 m^(2)。人工林于2012年4月种植,2012年7月以穴施的方式在接菌区接种AMF。2020年10月,对人工林和林下植物进行调查,并采集表层土壤(0~20 cm)测定土壤性状,每个处理设置3个重复。选取林下植物指标、土壤指标进行主成分分析,筛选出特征值大于1的5个主成分,通过因子载荷矩阵确定权重,计算各处理综合得分。【结果】1)增大种植密度和接种AMF显著提高了沙棘林盖度和现有密度。2)增大种植密度显著提高了林下植物的Pielou均匀度指数,降低了Simpson优势度指数,接种AMF显著提高了林下植物的Pielou均匀度指数,降低了Simpson优势度指数;种植密度显著影响林下植物群落组成、生物量和盖度,中等种植密度下林下植物生物量最大。接种AMF显著影响林下植被群落组成并提高了生物量。3)种植密度和接种AMF显著影响AMF生物量、土壤性状,在中等种植密度下AMF的生物量、微生物生物量、土壤理化性质处于较高水平。4)人工林种植密度和接种AMF对林下植被群落和土壤的理化性质具有显著的交互作用。相较于对照区,在接菌区人工林种植密度对林下植被与土壤性状的影响较小。5)综合得分结果表明,中等种植密度且接种AMF的处理得分最高,自然恢复区的综合得分最低,所以,中等密度且接种AMF的处理对植物和土壤的修复效果最佳。【结论】中等种植密度的沙棘人工林生态修复效果最佳,�【Objective】To select an optimal way of the semi-arid coal mining restoration in China,we illustrated the effect of Hippophae rhamnoides planting density,arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)inoculation and their interaction on the understory vegetation and soil properties.【Method】A two-factor experimental design with three planting densities(L:836 tree∙hm−2;M:1111 tree∙hm−2;H:1667 tree∙hm−2),two inoculation treatments(AMF,CK)and the natural recovery area selected as the control was conducted in Daliuta mine in Shenmu county,Shanxi province,northwest China.The shrubs were planted in April 2012 and the AMF inoculation was conducted in July 2012 in small hole near shurbs.In October 2020,a vegetation survey and mixed sampling in 0-20 cm topsoil were carried out.All plots were totally 8400 m^(2).The indices of understory vegetation and soil properties were selected for principal component analysis,and five principal components with characteristic values greater than 1 were selected to obtain the weight by the factor load matrix and calculate the comprehensive score.【Result】1)Improving planting density and AMF inoculation both improved the canopy coverage and existing density of Hippophae rhamnoides.2)The planting density significantly increased the Pielou evenness of understory vegetation and decreased the Simpson dominance of understory vegetation,and the inoculation of AMF significantly increased the Pielou evenness index and decreased the Simpson dominance index of understory vegetation.Planting density significantly influenced the community composition,biomass and coverage of understory vegetation,and the biomass of understory vegetation was the largest at medium planting density.AMF inoculation significantly changed the community composition and biomass of understory vegetation.3)The planting density and AMF inoculation significantly influenced the biomass of AMF and soil properties.The AMF biomass,microbial biomass and soil physical and chemical properties were at a high level under medium pl

关 键 词:沙棘人工林种植密度 丛枝菌根真菌 林下植物群落 土壤性状 生态修复 

分 类 号:S719[农业科学—林学]

 

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