不同生物表面活性剂强化油菜修复镉污染土壤  

Different biosurfactants enhance rape phytoremediation of Cd contaminated soil

作　　者：张静华 高立娣[1] 秦世丽 唐艺旻 王超[1] ZHANG Jing-hua;GAO Li-di;QIN Shi-li;TANG Yi-min;WANG Chao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Qiqihar University,Qiqihar 161006,China)

机构地区：[1]齐齐哈尔大学化学与化学工程学院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《应用化工》2021年第S01期43-46,51,共5页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：龙江省教育厅海外学人科研项目(1254HQ012),2019年齐齐哈尔大学研究生创新科研项目(YJSCX2019033)。

摘　　要：以油菜为修复植物,生物表面活性剂(β-环糊精、皂角苷、槐糖脂、聚天冬氨酸)作为强化剂对Cd污染土壤进行修复,考察了强化剂种类、浓度及施加时间对植物修复效果的影响。结果表明:皂角苷、槐糖脂、聚天冬氨酸通过促进土壤中重金属Cd向有效态转化,促进植物吸收利用,β-环糊精与重金属Cd的作用机理有待进一步探讨。从植物吸收Cd含量角度分析,在第3周施加0.6 g/kg聚天冬氨酸,植物根吸收Cd含量达到最大为551.53 mg/kg,在此时期土壤中Cd有效态含量及植物根、叶生物量均达到最大值分别为(17.75 mg/kg、0.031 g、0.62 g),可见聚天冬氨酸对Cd污染土壤具有很好的修复潜能。Enhanced remediation of Cd-contaminated soil were carried out in a plant growth chamber with rape as plant,the biosurfactant(β-cyclodextrin,saponin,sophorolipid,polyaspartic acid)as enhancing agent.Effect of biosurfactant species,concentration,and addition time of biosurfactant on the remediation was investigated.The results showed that saponin,sophorolipid,and polyaspartic acid promoted the conversion of heavy metals Cd to effective state in the soil,and promoted the absorption and utilization of plants.The mechanism of action ofβ-cyclodextrin and heavy metals Cd needs further exploration.From the perspective of plant absorption of Cd content,the maximum Cd content absorption by plant roots when 0.6 g/kg polyaspartic acid was added on the third week reached 551.53 mg/kg.During this period,the effective content of Cd in the soil and the biomass of plant roots and leaves reached the maximum,and the maximum values were(17.75 mg/kg,0.031 g,0.62 g),respectively.It can be seen that polyaspartic acids have well potential for remediation of Cd contaminated soil.

关 键 词：强化植物修复 CD污染 生物表面活性剂 油菜 

分 类 号：TQ065[化学工程]