不同作物种子耐热性评价及油菜种子耐热性全基因组关联分析  

Evaluation of seed heat tolerance in different crops and genome-wide association analysis of seed heat tolerance in Brassica napus

作　　者：张慧珂 吴潞梅 马甜甜 叶沈华 万何平 赵伦 易斌[1] 沈金雄[1] 傅廷栋[1] 文静[1] ZHANG Hui-ke;WU Lu-mei;MA Tian-tian;YE Shen-hua;WAN He-ping;ZHAO Lun;YI Bin;SHEN Jin-xiong;FU Ting-dong;WEN Jing(Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Jianghan University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学,湖北武汉430070 [2]江汉大学,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第5期923-934,共12页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0101702)。

摘　　要：全球气候变暖对作物生长发育和产量形成等造成不良影响。对不同作物种子进行耐热性评价,挖掘种子耐热相关基因对于提高作物应对高温胁迫的抗耐性具有重要理论和实践意义。为探索种子耐热性差异,本研究以18个不同作物品种(系)的种子为试验材料,在近100℃高温下分别处理2 h、4 h、6 h、8 h和12 h后统计发芽势和发芽率,结果表明,不同作物种子高温耐受力具有显著差异,但总体趋势是发芽势和发芽率随着处理时间延长而不断降低。芝麻和部分油菜品系的种子耐热性最强,热处理12 h后的发芽势和发芽率仍在50%以上,小麦、水稻、大麦、红花的耐热性中等,花生的耐热性最差,热处理2 h后发芽势和发芽率已下降至10%或以下。为挖掘油菜种子耐热性相关基因,以114份甘蓝型油菜种质资源为材料,在100℃下处理8 h,利用60K SNP芯片数据对2个环境下的发芽势和发芽率进行全基因组关联分析。结果检测到11个与发芽势关联的SNP位点,2个与发芽率关联的SNP位点。在候选区间范围内共筛选到16个耐热相关基因,部分基因的同源基因已有文献报道在其它植物高温胁迫响应中发挥着重要作用。Global warming has adverse effects on crop growth,development and yield production.It is of great theoretical and practical significance to evaluate the seed heat tolerance of different crops and to mine the related genes for improving the tolerance of crops to high temperature stress.In order to study the differences of seed heat tolerance in different crops,the seeds of 18 different crop varieties or parental lines were used as materials,and the germination potential and germination percentage were investigated after 2 h,4 h,6 h,8 h and 12 h of heat treatment under about 100℃.The results showed that there were significant differences in seed heat tolerance in different crops.The general trend was that the germination potential and germination percentage decreased continuously with the extension of treatment time.The seeds of sesame and partial rapeseed varieties had the strongest heat tolerance,and the germination potential and germination percentages after 12 hours heat treatment were still over 50%.The heat tolerance of wheat,rice,barley and safflower is moderate,and the heat tolerance of peanut seeds is the weakest,the germination potential and germination percentages after 2 h treatment were less than 10%.In order to explore heat tolerance-related genes of rapeseed,114 Brassica napus lines were used as materials and treated at 100℃for 8 h.And 60 K Illumina SNP array were used to conduct genome-wide association analysis of germination potential and germination percentage in two environments.As a result,11 SNPs associated with germination potential and 2 SNPs associated with germination percentage were detected.A total of 16 heat tolerance-related genes were screened within the candidate interval,and some homologous genes of the genes have been reported to play an important role in heat tolerance response of other plants.

关 键 词：作物 甘蓝型油菜 种子耐热性 GWAS 发芽势 发芽率 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]