开花下针期干旱胁迫对花生氮代谢的影响  

Effects of drought stress on nitrogen metabolism at anthesis stage of peanut

作　　者：李仍媛 张鹤[1] 蒋春姬[1] 任婧瑶 艾鑫 赵新华[1] 王婧[1] 赵姝丽[1] 于海秋[1] LI Reng-yuan;ZHANG He;JIANG Chun-ji;REN Jing-yao;AI Xin;ZHAO Xin-hua;WANG Jing;ZHAO Shu-li;YU Hai-qiu(Peanut Research Institute,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110866,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学花生研究所,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2023年第5期988-995,共8页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000900)。

摘　　要：为揭示干旱胁迫下花生氮代谢的生理响应机制,以4个耐旱性差异的花生品种为材料,即耐旱品种NH9(农花9)和HY22(花育22)、旱敏感品种NH16(农花16)和NH21(农花21),通过测定植株氮素积累量、含氮化合物含量和氮代谢关键酶活性等指标的响应规律,研究了开花下针期干旱胁迫对花生氮代谢的影响。结果表明:干旱胁迫下4个花生品种各器官的氮素积累量均降低,但NH9和HY22的降低幅度较NH16和NH21小;NH9和HY22的硝态氮、脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量呈增加趋势,增幅为4.60%~53.77%,而NH16和NH21的含氮化合物含量随干旱胁迫时间延长显著降低;NH9和HY22的硝酸还原酶、谷氨酰胺还原酶、谷氨酸合成酶、谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶的活性明显增强,而NH16和NH21的氮代谢关键酶活性显著下降,降幅为2.99%~46.85%。干旱复水后,NH9和HY22的氮素含量、含氮化合物含量及氮代谢相关酶活性恢复能力较强,而NH16和NH21与正常供水相比仍差异显著。综上,干旱胁迫下耐旱花生品种能通过增强氮代谢关键酶活性,促进氮素同化,提高脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白等含氮化合物的积累,有效减轻干旱损伤。To explore peanut nitrogen metabolism under drought stress,4 cultivars with different tolerances were used.Among them,drought-tolerant cv NH9 and HY22 and drought-sensitive cv NH16 and NH21 were planted in pots,and their nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen-containing compounds and key enzymes activities in nitrogen metabolism were determined at anthesis stage.Results showed that nitrogen accumulation in all organs of the 4 cultivars decreased under drought.But the reduction degrees of NH9 and HY22 were lower than those of NH16 and NH21.Contents of nitrate nitrogen,proline and soluble protein in NH9 and HY22 increased by 4.60%-53.77%,while nitrogen compounds in NH16 and NH21 decreased significantly with the prolongation of drought.The activities of nitrate reductase,glutamine reductase,glutamate synthetase,alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly increased in NH9 and HY22,but significantly decreased by 2.99%-46.85%in NH16 and NH21.After rehydration,the nitrogen content,nitrogen-containing compound content and key enzyme activities showed stronger recovery ability in NH9 and HY22,but were still significantly different from normal water supply in NH16 and NH21.In conclusion,drought-tolerant peanut could effectively alleviate drought damage by enhancing the activities of key enzymes in nitrogen metabolism,promoting nitrogen assimilation,and increasing the accumulation of nitrogen compounds such as proline and soluble protein.

关 键 词：花生 开花下针期 干旱胁迫 含氮化合物 氮代谢酶 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]