高寒半湿润沙地植物与土壤微生物多样性对植被恢复的响应  

The responses of biodiversity and community composition in vegetation and soil microbes to restoration in alpine cold and sub⁃humid desertified land

作　　者：苟小林[1] 周青平 涂卫国[1] 陈有军 魏小星[3] 张伟 GOU Xiaolin;ZHOU Qingping;TU Weiguo;CHEN Youjun;WEI Xiaoxing;ZHANG Wei(Sichuan Province Natural Resources Science Academy,Chengdu 610015,China;Institute of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,Southwest Minzu University,Chengdu 610041,China;Key Laboratory of Use of Forage Germplasm Resources on Tibetan Plateau of Qinghai Provence,Institute of Grazing&Veterinarian,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省自然资源科学研究院,成都610015 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原研究院,成都610041 [3]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海省青藏高原优良牧草种质资源利用重点实验室,西宁810016

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第20期8442-8453,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划项目(2015SZ0062);四川省重点研发项目(22ZDYF0053);四川省重点研发项目(2023YFS0379);四川省自然资源科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2021JDKY0023)。

摘　　要：为探究植被恢复对高寒半湿润沙化脆弱生态系统的恢复效应,明确植物群落与土壤微生物多样性对恢复的响应,为高寒沙化植被恢复提供科学支撑。以青藏高原东南缘沙化地为对象,通过连续种植老芒麦(Elymus sibiricus)进行植被恢复,分析连续3年恢复后,植物群落物种组成与多样性的变化,土壤微生物群落不同季节数量与多样性的变化,探讨植物与土壤微生物多样性对植被恢复的响应特征。结果表明:老芒麦作为建群种促进植被恢复过程,3年后植物群落物种数量相较对照增加了13种,而物种种类相较对照新增14种,川甘亚菊(Ajania potaninii)从群落中消失,总体表现为短命植物和对水分需求较高的植物种类增加,植物群落物种多样性增加;土壤中微生物群落和微生物数量季节性变化剧烈,在非生长季节后期(4月),土壤细菌含量相较对照组增加了1.2倍(0—15 cm)与1.8倍(15—30 cm),真菌含量相较对照组增加了0.5倍(0—15 cm)和5.1倍(15—30 cm),放线菌相较对照组增加了1.5(0—15 cm)倍和4倍(15—30 cm);土壤微生物多样性显著增加。种植老芒麦恢复高寒半湿润沙化脆弱生态系统,促进了植物群落物种多样性与土壤微生物群落多样性恢复,这将有助于高寒沙化生态系统恢复过程。This paper aims to explore the effect of restoration on alpine cold and sub⁃humid desertified land by revegetation,explain the response of plant community and soil microbial diversity to restoration,and provide scientific support for alpine desertification restoration.A study of restoration on desertified land was conducted and Elymus sibiricus was planted continually in the southeastern Tibetan.The diversity and community composition of vegetation and microbial organisms were monitored along with 3 years of revegetation.The results showed that Elymus sibiricus was constructive species and led to the restoring events.The number of plant species increased 13 and there were 14 new species invaded in community after 3 years revegetation,and the disappeared species was Ajania potaninii.The main types were ephemeral and plant species which need better water environment,revegetation increased plant biodiversity.Soil microbial community and microorganism changed greatly in seasons.The bacteria PLFA biomass were added with 1.2 folds(0—15 cm)and 1.8 folds(15—30 cm)at the two soil layers respestively,the fungi PLFA biomass were added 0.5 folds(0—15 cm)and 5.1 folds(15—30 cm)at the two soil layers respestively,and the actinomycetes PLFA biomass were added 1.5 folds(0—15 cm)and 4 folds(15—30 cm)at the two soil layers respestively compare to control at late of non⁃growing season(April)after 3 years revegetation,while microbial biodiversity increased significantly.Revegetation effective promoted restoration of plant community and soil microbial diversity on alpine cold and sub⁃humid desertified land,which would contribute to the restoration process of the alpine cold and sub⁃humid desert ecosystem.

关 键 词：青藏高原 季节动态 植物类型 微生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.113[生物学—植物学]