短期增温对西藏念青唐古拉山典型植物群落结构和稳定性的影响  

Effects of short⁃term warming on structure and stability of typical plant communities in Nyenchenthanglha Mountain,Tibet

作　　者：肖昱承 王端阳 陈波[1] 胡光镇 马云鹤 杨雯[1] 赵景学[1,3] XIAO Yucheng;WANG Duanyang;CHEN Bo;HU Guangzhen;MA Yunhe;YANG Wen;ZHAO Jingxue(College of Ecology,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;College of Life Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Statel Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems,Lanzhou 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生态学院,兰州730000 [2]兰州大学生命科学学院,兰州730000 [3]草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《生态学报》2023年第20期8608-8619,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(4207010162);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(lzujbky⁃2022⁃33);兰州大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202210730131)。

摘　　要：青藏高原气候变暖幅度显著高于全球其他区域,深刻影响着该地区植物群落的结构和稳定性。选择西藏念青唐古拉山的三种典型植物群落(高寒草原、高寒草甸和流石滩)作为研究对象,采用开顶式增温箱(OTC)模拟增温,研究了短期增温对植物群落结构和稳定性的影响。结果表明:(1)增温改变了群落的优势物种,影响其结构组成,而对物种多样性无显著影响;(2)增温显著降低了高寒草甸的地上生物量(P<0.05),增加地下生物量(P<0.01),从而导致了群落地下地上生物量分配策略的改变;(3)增温降低群落中部分物种的生态位宽度,进而影响群落稳定性,其中高寒草甸变化最大,达到-66.8%。研究结果可为青藏高原高寒草地生态系统应对和适应未来气候变化提供一定科学依据。The warming amplitude of the Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau is significantly higher than that of other regions in the world,which has a profound impact on the structure and stability of the plant community in this region.In this paper,the open⁃top chamber(OTC)were used to study the effects of short⁃term warming on community structure and stability of three typical plant communities(alpine steppe,alpine meadow,and screes)in the vertical zone of the Nyainqentanglha Mountains in Tibet.The results showed that:(1)experimental warming changed the dominant species and affected the structural composition of the community,but had no significant effect on species diversity.(2)Warming significantly reduced the aboveground biomass(P<0.05)and increased the belowground biomass(P<0.01)in alpine meadows,leading to the change of biomass allocation strategies in the community.(3)Warming reduced the niche width of some species in the community,which in turn affected the community stability,with the alpine meadows changed greater(-66.8%)than the other two communities.These results can provide a scientific basis for alpine grassland ecosystems coping with and adapting to future climate change on the Qinghai⁃Tibet Plateau.

关 键 词：短期增温 高寒草地 群落结构 生态位 物种多样性 群落稳定性 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]