母乳喂养联合袋鼠式护理对低出生体质量早产儿生长发育及喂养质量的影响  

Effect of breastfeeding combined with kangaroo care on the growth,development,and feeding quality of low birth weight premature infants

作　　者：吴淑芳[1] 陈牡花[1] 肖鹏飞[1] 刘琼霞 WU Shufang;CHEN Muhua;XIAO Pengfei;LIU Qiongxia(Hunan Children's Hospital,Changsha,410007,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南省儿童医院新生儿科,湖南省长沙市410007

出　　处：《护理实践与研究》2023年第20期3118-3124,共7页Nursing Practice and Research

摘　　要：目的探讨母乳喂养联合袋鼠式护理对低出生体质量早产儿的影响。方法选取2021年1月—2022年12月收治的80例低出生体质量早产儿作为研究对象,按照组间基线资料均衡可比的原则将其分为对照组和观察组,各40例,对照组接受常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上接受母乳喂养联合袋鼠式护理,比较两组早产儿生长发育状况、喂养质量、睡眠质量、神经行为发育状况、并发症发生率、新生儿母亲负性心理[抑郁自评量表(Self-Rating Depression Scale,SDS)、焦虑自评量表(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)]。结果观察组与对照组早产儿出生时生长发育状况比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),出生后30 d,观察组头围、身长、体质量均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组恢复至正常出生体质量时间、喂养不耐受持续时间短于对照组,达足量胃肠内喂养时间短于对照组,每日摄入奶量高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组白天睡眠时间、夜间睡眠时间长于对照组,夜间觉醒时间短于对照组,夜间觉醒次数少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);日龄3 d时,两组早产儿神经行为测定(NBNA)评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),日龄30 d时,观察组NBNA评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。早产儿母亲SAS评分、SDS评分,干预前组间数据比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),干预后观察组SAS评分、SDS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论将母乳喂养与袋鼠式护理联用于低出生体质量早产儿中,能确保喂养质量并促进其身体生长发育和神经行为发育,降低并发症发生率,使其母亲保持良好心理状态。Objective To investigate the effect of breastfeeding combined with kangaroo care on the low birth weight premature infants.Methods To select 80 low birth weight premature infants admitted from January 2021 to December 2022 as the study subjects,they were divided into a control group and an observation group based on the principle of balanced and comparable baseline data between groups,with 40 cases in each group.The control group received routine care,while the observation group received breastfeeding combined with kangaroo style care on the basis of routine care.The growth and development status,feeding quality,sleep quality,neurobehavioral development status,incidence of complications,and negative psychology of newborn mothers[self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-rating anxiety scale(SAS)]were compared between the two groups.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the growth and development status of premature infants between the observation group and the control group at birth(P>0.05).30 days after birth,the observation group had better head circumference,body length,and body mass than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);the observation group had a shorter recovery time to normal birth weight,shorter duration of feeding intolerance,shorter duration of sufficient gastrointestinal feeding,and higher daily milk intake than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The observation group had longer daytime sleep time and nighttime sleep time than the control group,shorter nighttime awakening time,and fewer nighttime awakenings than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the neonatal behavioral neurological assessment(NBNA)score between the two groups at the age of 3 days(P>0.05).At the age of 30 days,the NBNA score of the observation group was higher than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The inc

关 键 词：低出生体质量 早产儿 母乳喂养 袋鼠式护理 生长发育 神经行为发育 并发症 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]