不同含能添加物对纳米Al/CuO反应性能的影响  

Effect of Various Energetic Additives on Reactivity of Nano-Al/CuO

作　　者：汝承博 陈立宏[1,2] 张洪国 张彦春[1,2] 于遨洋 RU Cheng-bo;CHEN Li-hong;ZHANG Hong-guo;ZHANG Yan-chun;YU Ao-yang(College of Forensic Science,Criminal Investigation Police University of China,Shenyang,110854;Key Laboratory of Impression Evidence Examination and Identification Technology,Ministry of Public Security,Shenyang,110854)

机构地区：[1]中国刑事警察学院刑事科学技术学院,辽宁沈阳110854 [2]痕迹检验鉴定技术公安部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110854

出　　处：《火工品》2023年第5期50-55,共6页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金计划(2023-MS-134);国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.21805310);公安部科研计划项目(2022JC05,2019GABJC06);中国刑事警察学院博士科研启动金项目(No.3242019019)。

摘　　要：为了对比不同含能添加物对纳米铝热剂反应性能的影响程度,采用静电喷雾技术在纳米Al/CuO中分别添加高能炸药、强氧化剂以及含氟化合物等含能添加物,并开展热力学计算、开放式燃烧测试和密闭爆发器测试等。结果表明:含能添加物的小分子量气态产物和协同反应效应是提高纳米Al/CuO反应性能的主要因素,高能炸药的增强效果最佳,高氯酸铵(AP)次之,全氟代十四酸(PFTD)最差。其中,黑索今(RDX)和奥克托今(HMX)将Al/CuO的理论定压火药力提升了64.3%;HMX对Al/CuO峰值压强和增压速率的提升能力最高,分别达到了62%和408%;而AP和PFTD削弱了其燃烧传播速率和增压特性。To evaluate the enhancement of various additives in improving the reactivity of nanothermites,nano-Al/CuO and energetic additive,such as one of high explosives,strong oxidizers and fluorides,were assembled into composite energetic materials by electrospray,and thermodynamics calculations,open combustion test and closed bomb test were carried out.The results show that the small molecular weight gaseous products of energetic additives and synergistic effect among components are the major factors promoting the reactivity of nanothermites.In terms of improvement capacity,high explosives occupy first place,ammonium perchlorate(AP)comes second,and followed by perfluorotetradecanoic acid(PFTD).For nano-Al/CuO,the constant pressure propellant force increases by 64.3%with the addition of hexogen(RDX)or octogen(HMX),and HMX offers the most enhancement in the maximum pressure and pressurization rate with a rise rate of 62%and 408%,respectively.Nevertheless,AP and PFTD could weaken the combustion performance and pressurization characteristic of nano-Al/CuO.

关 键 词：纳米铝热剂 含能添加物 理论反应性能参数 静电喷雾 燃烧性能 增压特性 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]