奥克托今(HMX)的环境行为及微生物降解  

Environmental Behavior and Microbial Degradation of Oktogin(HMX)

作　　者：蔡明娜 贾亚婷 安崇伟 侯彬 刘鹏霄 卢静 李鑫丰 CAI Ming-na;JIA Ya-ting;AN Chong-wei;HOU Bin;LIU Peng-xiao;LU Jing;LI Xin-feng(School of Environmental and Safety Engineering,North University of China,Taiyuan,030051)

机构地区：[1]中北大学环境与安全工程学院,山西太原030051

出　　处：《火工品》2023年第5期74-80,共7页Initiators & Pyrotechnics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目基金(No.41977141);山西省基础研究计划青年项目(No.202203021222023);山西省研究生教育创新项目(2022Y653)。

摘　　要：为了深入探究奥克托今(HMX)生产、使用、销毁过程的环境污染与治理问题,分析了HMX在土壤中、地下水中和植物中的迁移转化行为,论述了双电子还原、单电子脱硝和直接环裂解3种HMX微生物降解途径,介绍了HMX胁迫下微生物生理响应机制的研究进展。分析表明利用微生物对HMX污染的土壤和水体进行生物修复是非常有效的,HMX的降解路径及中间代谢产物已较为清楚,目前对HMX有降解能力的菌株以厌氧为主。基于此,指出未来关于微生物降解HMX的3个研究方向:筛选在好氧条件下能高效降解HMX的菌株;使用微生物固定化或添加表面活性剂等生物强化手段增加菌株对HMX的降解效率;从基因组学方面进行微生物降解HMX的机理研究。In order to delve into the environmental pollution and governance issues related to the production,use and destruction process of HMX,the migration and transformation behavior of HMX in soil,groundwater and plants was analyzed,three HMX microbial degradation pathways including dual electron reduction,single electron denitrification and direct cyclolysis were discussed,and the research progress of microbial physiological response mechanisms under HMX stress was introduced.Analysis shows that the use of microorganisms for bioremediation of HMX contaminated soil and water is very effective.And the degradation pathway and intermediate metabolites of HMX are relatively clear.Currently,the strains with the ability to degrade HMX are mainly anaerobic.Based on this,three future research directions for microbial degradation of HMX are pointed out:Screening strains that can efficiently degrade HMX under aerobic conditions;Increasing the degradation efficiency of HMX by strains through bioaugmentation methods such as microbial immobilization or adding surfactants;Research on the mechanism of microbial degradation of HMX from the perspective of genomics.

关 键 词：奥克托今 迁移转化 微生物降解 基因组学 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TQ564[化学工程—炸药化工]