砂砾岩岩性油气藏“甜点”储层地震预测技术及应用效果——以环玛湖凹陷西斜坡区黄羊泉扇体百口泉组二段砂砾岩为例  

Seismic prediction technology for“sweet spot”reservoirs of glutenite reservoirs and application effects:A case study of glutenite from second member of Baikouquan formation of Huangyangquan fan body in western slope area of circum⁃Mahu sag

作　　者：陈永波[1] 杨超[1] 马斯骏 茹琦 陈雪珍[1] 王晓辉 CHEN Yongbo;YANG Chao;MA Sijun;RU Qi;CHEN Xuezhen;WANG Xiaohui(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Northwest,PetroChina,Lanzhou,Gansu 730020,China;Laojunmiao Oil Production Plant of PetroChina Yumen Oilfield Branch,Jiuquan,Gansu 735200,China;BGP Inc.,CNPC,Zhuozhou,Hebei 072750,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国石油玉门油田分公司老君庙采油厂,甘肃酒泉735200 [3]东方地球物理公司,河北涿州072750

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2023年第5期1182-1191,共10页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家重大科技专项“岩性地层圈闭精细刻画关键技术与地震沉积学研究”(2021DJ0403)资助。

摘　　要：准噶尔盆地环玛湖凹陷西斜坡区三叠系百口泉组二段(T1b2)发育砂砾岩岩性油气藏,成藏主控因素受扇三角洲前缘亚相有利相带、优质储层厚度、孔隙度和油源断裂等四重因素控制,储层单层厚度小、横向变化较快、埋深大,且储层与围岩波阻抗差异小,地震预测难度大,利用单一的地球物理方法无法准确地预测“甜点”储层平面分布,同时也受地震资料信噪比低、保幅性差等因素的影响,预测精度不高,钻探成功率低。为此,采用“五步法”逐级控制的测井—地质—地震一体化研究思路,预测砂砾岩“甜点”储层平面分布范围。利用“分相带道集叠加”OVT域技术精细处理百口泉组(T1b)目标,为储层预测奠定了资料基础。对OVT域三维地震资料进行全三维自动地震层序解释,精细地恢复了古地貌,结合单井相、地震属性准确刻画了扇三角洲亚相边界。通过叠前反演预测优质储层的厚度、范围和孔隙度,利用结构张量矩阵特征值构建断裂属性数据体,从而预测油源断裂剖面、平面展布特征,其中扇三角洲前缘亚相的储层厚度、孔隙度高值区及存在油源断裂的部位为“甜点”储层发育区。根据研究成果部署的预探井成功率达92%以上,值得在类似的地质背景条件下推广、应用。In the western slope area of circum⁃Mahu sag,Junggar Basin,the second member of Triassic Baikouquan formation develops glutenite reservoirs,and the main controlling factors of accumulation include favorable facies belt of glutenite in the delta front,thickness of high⁃quality reservoirs,porosity,and oil source fault.The reservoir layer thickness is small;the lateral change is fast;the buried depth is large,and the wave impedance difference between the reservoir and the surrounding rock is small,so the“sweet spot”reservoir plane distribution cannot be accurately predicted by using a single geophysical method.Affected by factors such as low signal⁃to⁃noise ratio and poor amplitude retention of seismic data,the prediction accuracy is not high,and the success rate of drilling is low.In order to predict the plane distribution range of the“sweet spot”reservoir of glutenite,this paper adopts the integrated research idea of logging,geology,and seismic data controlled by the“five⁃step method”step by step.The OVT do⁃main technique of“split⁃seismic facies data stacking”is used to process T1b target,which lays a data foundation for reservoir prediction.In the 3D seismic data of the OVT domain,the paleo⁃geomorphology is finely restored by utilizing global 3D automatic seismic stratigraphic interpretation.Combined with single well facies and seismic properties,the fan delta subfacies boundary is accurately characterized.The thickness,range,and porosity of highquality reservoirs are predicted by pre⁃stack inversion,and the fracture attribute data body is constructed by using the eigenvalues of the structure tensor matrix,so as to predict the fracture profile and plane distribution characteristics of the oil source.The“sweet spot”reservoir develops in the front subfacies of the fan delta,where the reservoir thickness and porosity are high,and where the oil source fracture exists.According to the research results,the success rate of the pre⁃exploration wells deployed is more than 92%,which

关 键 词：玛湖凹陷 三叠系百口泉组 OVT 域分相带道集叠加 叠前反演 梯度结构张量断裂属性 “甜点” 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]